Physiolgy

Question 1

Primary force for absorption

Answer 1

Capillary osmotic pressure

Question 2

Hydrostatic and osmotic pressure at the arteriole end of capillaries

Answer 2

Hydrostatic: 34mmHg
Osmotic: 28mmHg

Question 3

Hydrostatic and osmotic pressure at the venue end of capillaries

Answer 3

Hydrostatic: 14mmHg
Osmotic: 28mmHg

Question 4

Tissue pressure hypothesis of auto regulation

Answer 4

Increased tissue perfusion pressure -> increased tissue blood volume->increased filtration to extravascular space -> increased tissue turgor pressure -> decreased perfusion pressure

Question 5

Myogenic hypothesis of auto regulation

Answer 5

Increased perfusion pressure -> increased vessel wall stretch -> increased intrinsic contractile response -> decreased perfusion pressure

Question 6

Metabolic hypothesis of auto regulation

Answer 6

Decreased perfusion pressure -> increased accumulation of metabolic vasodilator substances ->decreased pre capillary resistance -> increased perfusion pressure

Question 7

Two major sensing systems that monitor arterial blood pressure

Answer 7

Carotid sinus Baroreceptors

Aortic arch Baroreceptors

Question 8

Part of the brain that receives information from Baroreceptors and body sensors

Answer 8

Medulla

Question 9

What are the two main effector systems that the medulla sends signals to

Answer 9

Heart

Peripheral vasculature

Question 10

Primary force for filtration

Answer 10

Capillary hydrostatic pressure

Question 11

Systolic arterial pressure

Answer 11

Max pressure developed prior to ventricular relaxation

Question 12

Diastolic arterial pressure

Answer 12

Minimum pressure developed prior to ventricular ejection

Question 13

Normal LA pressure doesn’t go above?

Answer 13

6mmHg
In left heart failure, can reach 40-50 causing pulmonary hypertension causing the RV to have increased work

If LA reaches 30mmHg, gets pulmonary edema

Question 14

Pulmonary vs systemic capillaries

Answer 14

Pulmonary has lower pressure (7vs17)
Pulmonary interstitial fluid more negative (-5 to-8 vs -3)
Pulmonary capillaries more leaky, protein escapes making interstitial oncotic pressure higher

Question 15

What pulmonary capillary pressure will cause sudden death

Answer 15

Greater than 25- above safe level of 28 (so greater than 53)

If pressure is 40 but has built over time, lungs can compensate by increasing lymphatic ability over a period of two weeks