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WSET Level 3 > 5. The Growing Environment > Flashcards

5. The Growing Environment Flashcards

(63 cards)

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1
Q

What is the first step of growing season?

A

Budburst

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2
Q

What follows budburst?

A

Fruit set

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3
Q

When the grapes change colour, it is known as what?

A

Veraison

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4
Q

When does veraison occur?

A

Late summer/early autumn

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5
Q

Where do grapes get nutrients from?

A

The soil

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6
Q

Issue with soils that higher water content?

A

They require more energy to heat up

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7
Q

What is ‘aspect’?

A

Direction in which a slope faces

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8
Q

The direction in which a slope faces is known as what?

A

Aspect

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9
Q

What is continentality?

A

Temp difference between coldest and hottest months

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10
Q

What is the term for temp difference between warmest and hottest months?

A

Continentality

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11
Q

What effect do rivers have in winter?

A

Warming effect

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12
Q

What effect to rivers have in summer?

A

Cooling effect

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13
Q

Relationship between continentality and bodies of water?

A

Vineyards closer to water have low continentality

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14
Q

Relationship between diurnal range and bodies of water?

A

Vineyards closer to the water have a reduced diurnal range

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15
Q

What is ‘earthing up’?

A

Process of covering up vines with earth to protect them from extreme cold

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16
Q

4 main forms of protection from spring frost

A

Heaters
Wind machines
Sprinnklers
Vineyards design

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17
Q

In terms of vineyard design, what vines are most at risk from spring frost?

A

Low-lying vines

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18
Q

Sunburnt grapes cause what impact?

A

Bitter flavours in the wine

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19
Q

What can growers do to control sunlight in vineyards?

A

Manage the vine canopy

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20
Q

What term is given to water being lost through a vine’s leaves?

A

Transpiration

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21
Q

What is transpiration?

A

Water evaporating from a vine’s leaves

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22
Q

Why does limiting water supply benefit grape ripening?

A

The shortage of water will mean the vine will concentrate on grape ripening instead of further shoot growth

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23
Q

How could one prevent further shoot growth in vines?

A

Limiting water supply to focus the vine on ripening

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24
Q

3 main irrigation techniques

A

Drip irrigation
Sprinklers
Flood irrigation

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25
What happens if there is too much water during the growing season?
Further shoot growth will divert sugar away from grape ripening
26
When might a vine not have enough sugar for grape ripening?
If there is too much water and the vines continue to grow shoots
27
What is an example of a wine region prone to hail?
Mendoza, Argentina
28
Growing season in Northern Hemisphere
April to October
29
Growing season in Southern Hemisphere
October to April
30
Cool climate temp range
Av growing temp of 16.5 or below
31
Moderate climate temp range
Av growing temp of 16.5 to 18.5
32
Warm climate temp range
Av growing temp of 18.5 to 21
33
Hot climate temp range
Av growing temp of 21 or above
34
What climate has Av growing temp of 16.5 or below?
Cool climate
35
What climate has Av growing temp of 16.5 to 18.5?
Moderate climate
36
What climate has Av growing temp of 18.5 to 21?
Warm climate
37
What climate has Av growing temp of 21 or above?
Hot climate
38
What are the three main kinds of climate?
Continental Maritime Mediterranean
39
Which type of climate has the greatest continentality?
Continental
40
Continental climate summer characteristics
Short, dry summers
41
Continental climate autumn characteristics
Large, rapid temp drop
42
Continental climate best suited grapes?
Those that bud late and ripen early
43
Maritime climate continentality?
Low continentality
44
Maritime climate temp characteristics
Cool to moderate temperatures
45
Maritime climate rainfall?
Rainfall spread throughout the year to moderate temperature
46
How is temperature moderated throughout the year in maritime climates?
Rainfall
47
Maritime climate autumn growing?
Warm temps in autumn allow growing to continue
48
Downside to even rainfall in maritime climates?
Rainfall in spring and summer can harm flowering, fruit set and health of grapes at harvest
49
Mediterranean climate continentality?
Low continentality
50
Mediterranean climate summers?
Warm and dry
51
Main weather difference between Mediterranean climate and maritime climate?
Mediterranean climate has dry summers whereas maritime has wetter ones (more even rainfall)
52
Difference in wines between Mediterranean climate and maritime climate?
Extra warmth and sunlight will mean Mediterranean wines are fuller bodied, have riper tannins, higher alcohol and lower acidity
53
What is humus?
Decomposing plant and animal materials
54
Decomposing plant and animal materials is given what term?
Humus
55
Advantages of humus?
Rich in nutrients and good at retaining water
56
What type of soil holds water well?
Clay
57
What type of soil drain water well?
Sand and stone
58
The blend of sand and clay particles is known as what?
Loam
59
Loam is a soil blend of what?
Sand and clay
60
Common symptom from nutrient deficiency?
Chlorosis
61
What happens in chlorosis?
Leaves turn yellow, photosynthesis reduces and ripening is harmed
62
Yellow leaves on vines is a sign of what?
Chlorosis
63
Chlorosis occurs when?
Nutrient deficiency occurs

WSET Level 3 (17 decks)

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