SBA 2013 Flashcards
Difference between hypertrophy and hyperplasia
Hypertrophy - increase in cell size
Hyperplasia - increase in cell number
What is dysplasia?
the enlargement of an organ or tissue by the proliferation of cells of an abnormal type, as a developmental disorder or an early stage in the development of cancer.
Edwards syndrome (47XY + 18) Example of what?
Trisomy
dis - junction
in meosis I = 2 X (n+1) and 2 X (n-1)
In meiosis II = 2 X n and (n-1) and (n=1)
ATP is produced when in glycolysis?
It is produced in anaerobic step of glycolysis
Where does RV come from - embryology
Bulbus cordis
Asthmatic admitted to hospital for acute exacerbation of symptoms. What is his PEFR likely to be in minute?
15,000 ml//min
av = 300-460L/min female
480-660 L/min
) X-ray of a fracture with more than two bone fragments
-what is a compound
Comminuted
-compound fracture btreaks the skin
What does stenosis and regurgitation occur?
Stenosis will cause systolic murmur
Stenosis = valves thicken = blood cannot get through = lower CO
Regurgitation = back flow though valves
Where is gall bladder palpated/
Below coastal margin on mid-clavicular line
Where do spleen and pancreas develop?
The spleen and pancreas develop behind the stomach in the dorsal mesogastrium; the liver develops in the ventral mesogastrium
A 60-year-old male executive who had a history of a chronic duodenal ulcer was admitted to the ER exhibiting signs of a severe internal hemorrhage. He was quickly diagnosed with perforation of the posterior wall of the first part of the duodenum and erosion of an artery behind it by the gastric expellent. The artery is most likely the:
ulcer destroyed the posterior wall of the duodenum, gastric juices could escape and destroy the gastroduodenal artery.
X-rays revealed that her 9th and 10th ribs were fractured near their angles on the left side. The abdominal organ most likely to be injured by the fracture is:
The spleen is usually well protected by the 9th through 12th ribs on the left side.
mid-axilllary
]( The stomach, splenic flexure of the colon, tail of the pancreas, left kidney, and suprarenal gland are in the same quadrant of the abdomen, and they are also at risk for injury. )
During emergency surgery, it was found that a chronic gastric ulcer had perforated the posterior wall of the stomach and eroded a large artery running immediately posterior to the stomach. The artery is the:
Splennic passes to pancreas then to spleen
Which lobe doesnt stomach lie against?
Which lobe is in lesser sac?
Which lobe does the stomach lie against?
Left lobe
2) Which lobe is in the lesser sac?
Caudate lobe
Biliverdin = UCB?
