5.2

Question 1

What are joints?

Answer 1

Where two bones are interconnected

Question 2

What are the functional classifications of joints?

Answer 2

Immobile (no movement)
Partly mobile (little movement)
Freely mobile (wide range of movement)

Question 3

What are the structural classifications of joints?

Answer 3

Bony (complete fusion of two bones)
Fibrous (held together by dense collagen fibres)
Cartilaginous (held together by cartilage)
Synovial (contain a joint space held together by joint capsule)

Question 4

What are the key features of synovial joint?

Answer 4

• Articulate cartilage on bone ends
• Joint cavity
• Synovial membrane
• Joint capsule
• External ligaments, tendons and vessels.

Question 5

What are features of the complex synovial joint in the knee?

Answer 5

1. Meniscus
   - fibrocartilage pad allows different shaped bones to come together
2. Articulate ligaments
   - intracapsular and extracapsular
   - increase strength and stability of joint
3. Bursae
   - sacs of synovial membrane and fluid that protect/reduce friction from skin, bone and ligaments.

Question 6

What are the 6 types of synovial joints?

Answer 6

• ball and socket
• hinge
• Plane
• Saddle
• condylar
• Pivot

Question 7

What is arthritis?

Answer 7

Joint disorder
Inflammation of joint

Question 8

What is osteoarthritis?

Answer 8

• wear and tear
• Degeneration of the articulate cartilage
• bone surface rub together causing damage and pain

Question 9

What is rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer 9

Autoimmune disease
Immune system attacks synovial membrane
Synovial membrane gets inflamed
Membrane invades cartilage and bone
Bones can fuse together