Introduction to Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What opposes anterior (ventral)?

A

Posterior (dorsal)

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2
Q

What opposes superior (cranial)

A

Inferior (caudal)

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3
Q

What opposes medial?

A

Lateral

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4
Q

What opposes superficial?

A

Deep

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5
Q

What opposes proximal?

A

Distal

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6
Q

What is the plane that bisects the human body in left and right halves?

A

Sagittal plane

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7
Q

What is the plane that cuts the body in anterior and posterior halves?

A

Coronal plane

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8
Q

What is the plane that cuts the body into top and bottom halves?

A

Transverse, horizontal, or axial plane

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9
Q

the metacarples in the hand primarily work with this kind of joint motion?

A

Gliding

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10
Q

What kind of movement is curling a dumbbell with your bicep?

A

Flexion

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11
Q

What is the opposite of flexion?

A

Extension

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12
Q

Describe abduction and adduction using the lower limb as an example

A

Abduction is swinging the leg away from the body and adduction is swinging the lower leg back to anatomical position.

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13
Q

What is circumduction?

A

This is when a rotating circle is made with a limb which creates a cone shape. Imagine pointing your finger straight out and with your arm extended and drawing a circle in the air. This creates a cone and is circumduction.

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14
Q

What is rotation?

A

Turning your head to look left and right.

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15
Q

What is plantar flexion vs. dorsiflexion?

A

Dorsiflexion is lifting your foot towards your shin versus plantar flexion where the foot is pointed away from your shin.

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16
Q

Describe inversion?

A

This is where an ankle is rolled medially toward the body.

17
Q

Describe eversion?

A

This is where the ankle is rolled laterally away from the body.

18
Q

What is supination?

A

This is actually anatomical position of the hands with palms facing upward as if they could hold a bold of Soup.

19
Q

What is pronation?

A

This is a rotation of the hand away from anatomical position where the thumb will rotate over the hand medially from the supination position.

20
Q

What is protraction versus retraction?

A

Protraction is where the jaw is pushed outward and retraction is where the jaw is pulled back into the face causing overjet.

21
Q

Describe elevation versus depression.

A

Elevation is lifting the jaw to close the teeth together, and depression is where the jaw is allowed to lower where the mouth is now open.

22
Q

Describe opposition using the hand as an example.

A

Opposition is where the index finger and thumb are moved together and oppose each other. Think of the A-OK hand symbol.

23
Q

What is anatomical position?

A

Think of Da Vinci’s Vitruvian Man with the feet together. This is the initial reference point for describing body regions, terminology, and movements.