reproductive

Question 1

If a post-menopausal women comes in with a large unilateral adnexal mass and on microscopy you see Call-Exner bodies, and sheet/cords of cells… what are you thinking and what is your concern?

Answer 1

I am think it is a sex cord-stromal - granulosa cell tumor that is secreting estrogen - which is causing endometrial hyperplasia which concerns me for endometrial cancer too!
I might verify my suspicion by looking for yellow tumor pathology since there should be yellow lipid filled thecal cells as well :)

Question 2

Increased ______ in granulosa cell tumors (other than E)

Answer 2

inhibin

Question 3

Call-Exner bodies

Answer 3

follicle or rosette like structures made of cuboidal cells that have a gland like apperance with pink eosinophilic centers and coffee bean nuclei :)

Question 4

increased AFP as a tumor marker (3) main

Answer 4

hepatocellular
nonseminomatous testicular
ovarian

Question 5

b-hCG as a tumor marker

Answer 5

germ cell tumors

Question 6

Cancer-125 as tumor marker

Answer 6

epithelial carcinoma of the ovary (serous, endometroid, clear cell)
stromal tumors do not release c-125 (significantly)

Question 7

struma ovarii

Answer 7

germ cell tumor of the ovary that can cause hyperthyroidism by secreting thyroxine - histopathy reveal mature thyroid tissue