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Pharma Oral > 59. Ectoparasites > Flashcards

59. Ectoparasites Flashcards

1
Q

Arachnids

A

Mites: mange, demodex

ticks

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2
Q

Insects

A

Fleas flies, lice

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3
Q

Larrvae

A

Botfly
warble fly
sheep nasal botfly,
blowfly

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4
Q

Types of ectorparasiticides

A 
Affect adult (usually neuro toxic)
Inhibit growth of insect
Chemical
       -Organochlorines
       - Organophosphates
       - Carbamates
       -Pyrethrin and synthetic pytretroids
       - Fromamidine
       - Neonicitinoids
       - Spinosyns
       - semicarbazones
       - Isoxazolines
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5
Q

Organochlorines
Fly strike
Sheep scab

A 
Chlorinated ethanol derivatives
       - DDT, DDE, DDD
Cyclodienes
       - aldrin, dieldrin
Hexachlorocyclohexames
       - HCH alpha, beta, delta, gamma
MOA: Inhibit Na conductance or 
          stimulated GABA Chlorine influx
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6
Q

Organophosphates

A 
Azametiphos
Chlorpyrifos
Diazonon
trichlorfon
Dichlorvos
Foxim

MOA: Cholinesterase inhibition ==> spastic paralysis
Antidote: atropine

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7
Q

Carbamates

A

Carbaryl, propoxur
Moa: reversible AchE inhibitor
Flea + ticks
Collar, shampoo

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8
Q

Pythrins or synthetic pythroids

A

Natural: Pyrethrine, jasmoline
Synthetic: bioailethrin, cyhalothrin, flumethrin,
deltamethrin, Permethrin (toxic in cats)
Moa: interfere with na+ channels: paralysis
Biting flies, ticks, lice
Pour on, spot on, aerosol

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9
Q

Formaidines (amidines)

A

Moa: MAO inhibition
Mites, ticks, larvae
Antidote: Atipamazole

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10
Q

Neonicotinyls

A

Imidacloprid
Fleas + lice
Not pregnant or nursing animals

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11
Q

Neochloronicotinyls

A

Dinotefuran
Nitenpyram
-Moa: hyperexcitability in insects:
>inhibit cholinergic transmission
- fleas
- safe for pregnant, nursing animals

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12
Q

Spinosyns

A

Spinosad
Flea
Moa: activates Ach receptor –> seizure = death

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13
Q

Phenylpyrazoles

A

Fipronil, pyripil
Insecticidal and acericidal
Moa: Gaba - hyperexcitability

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14
Q

Semi-carbazone derivative

A

Metaflumizone
Moa: inhibit Na channels
Flea
Very safe

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15
Q

Isoxazoline

A 
Fluralaner 
Afoxolaner (nexguard)
Moa: Gaba Cl- channel inhibitor
Tick + flea
12 week killing action
Bind to plasma proteins: interaction
Ok: breeding/pregnant animals
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16
Q

Repellents

A

Pyrethrins, citronella, jasmolins, DEET

Eq: against midges

17
Q

Synergists

A

piperonyl butoxide

used to increase effectiveness of pyrethroids

18
Q

Insect growth inhibitors
> Juvenile hormone analogues
> Chitin inhibitors

A 
Juvenile: Methophrene, pyriproxyfen, fenoxycarb
       - affects metamorphosis
       -broad spectrum
Chitin inhibitors: lufenuran, cyromazine
       - flea, fungal

Pharma Oral (12 decks)

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