63. Growth promoters

Question 1

Antibiotic growth promoters

Answer 1

Ribosome inhibitors
Cell wall inhibitors
Cation disrupters

Question 2

Mode of growth stimulation

Answer 2

Metabolic effects
Nutritional effects
Disease control

Question 3

Disease control

Answer 3

Broiler chickens: Necrotic enteritis
Su: clostridial enteritis PPE, dysentery
Feedlot cattle: liver abscesses
Protozoa infection
Metabolic disorders:
- ru: ketosis, Bloat, lactic acidosis

Question 4

Response of AB

Answer 4

Larger in young
Influenced by hygiene
Inversely related to growth rate

Question 5

Growth Promotors names

Answer 5

Avilamycin
Baccitracin
Bambermycin
Kitasamycin
Oleandomycin
Ionophones
Tylosin
Salinomycin
Virginiamycin

Question 6

Avilamycin

Answer 6

Broilers
>Incr. FCE and growth
> incr. N retention = increased protein
>Decr. foot problems
**Necrotic enteritis**

Question 7

Bactiracin

Answer 7

Broilers
>Incr. FCE and growth
> Prevention and treatment of necrotic eneteritis
Ru
> Incr. BW gain and FCE

Question 8

Bambermycin

Answer 8

Broilers + layers
Turkeys
Pigs
Sheep (incr. wool)
Cattle

Question 9

Kitasamycin

Answer 9

Pigs: increase Avg daily gain

Question 10

Oleandomycin

Answer 10

fattening + suckling lambs
Pigs
Chickens

Question 11

Ionophores

Answer 11

Ru: incr. Microbial population of rumen and hindgut
> incr. energy proteinand lipid availability
- Incr. Propionic acid,
- Decr. lactic acid fermentation
- decr. protein degradation

Question 12

Ionophores Benefits

Answer 12

decr. protein requirements in fees
decr. methane
decr. incidence of bloat
incr. milk
incr. FCE
control coccidiosis
Prevent Toxo abortion

Question 13

Tylosin

Answer 13

Cattle: decr liver abscesses
Poultry: Control of necrotic eneteritis
Pigs: prevent + treat Proliferative enteropathy

Question 14

Salinomycin

Answer 14

Most used ionophore in pigs

Question 15

Virginiamycin

Answer 15

Cattle + sheep
> incr. gain and FCE
> decr. Liver abscess
> incr, N retention
> lactic acidosis
Poultry: >Incr. FCE and growth, decr. N excretion
Pigs: prevent + treat swine dysentery +proliferative enteropathy

Question 16

Resistance

Answer 16

Slamonella
campulobacter
E.coli
Enterococci

zoonotic potential

Question 17

Hormones:

Answer 17

NOT USED  IN EU
Rapid weight gain, leaner beef
1: naturally: estradiol, progesterone, testosterone
2. Synthetic: MGA, Zerasol
3. Bovine somatotrophin
   - produced by pituitary gland
   - mobilises bod fat to energy in lactation
B-adrenoceptor agoinists: Ractopamine

Question 18

AB alternative

Answer 18

Probiotics
- LActobacilli, enterococcus, bifidobacteria
Prebiotics:
- alpha- galacto oligosaccharide (soya bean)
- Fructo-olidosaccharides (cereals)
Organic acids
Enzymes: cellulase, amylases, protease, lipase
Buffers NaCo3
Methane inhibitors
Bloat preventitives (veg oils)
Heavy metal: Zn oxide, copper sulphate