5HT And NE

Question 1

What are the two types of monoamines?

Answer 1

Indolamines and catecholamines

Question 2

Out of dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine, and serotonin, which of the above are indolamines?

Answer 2

Serotonin

Question 3

What is the rate limiting enzyme on the path from L-tyrosine to Epinephrine?

Answer 3

Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)

Question 4

What are the enzymes that inactivate catecholamines?

Answer 4

MAO and COMT

Question 5

What is MAO-A selective for?

Answer 5

NE and serotonin

Question 6

What is MAO-B for?

Answer 6

It acts on dopamine and broad spectrum of phenylethylamines

Question 7

Norepinephrine deficiency syndrome common symptoms:

Answer 7

• impaired attention
• depressed mood
• psychomotor retrardation

Question 8

Serotonin containing neuronal cell bodies are mainly restricted to discrete clusters of cells located along the midline of the brain stem - _________

Answer 8

The raphe nuclei

Question 9

5-HT 1A is located where? what does it cause?

Answer 9

Somatodendritic auto receptors and postsynaptic ; decrease in firing and decrease in 5HT release

Question 10

5-HT 1D is located where? What does it do?

Answer 10

Terminal auto receptors ; inhibit release of neurotransmitters

Question 11

What are the serotonin receptors for mood?

Answer 11

Postsynaptic beta 1 receptor

Question 12

What is the function of 5HT 2A?

Answer 12

• stimulation of phospholipase C
• closing of K+ channels

Question 13

What serotonin receptors are involved in anxiety and panic?

Answer 13

5HT-2A and 5HT-2C

Question 14

What serotonin receptors are involved in appetite and eating behavior?

Answer 14

5HT-3

Question 15

What serotonin receptors are involved in appetite and GI motility?

Answer 15

5HT-3 and 5HT-4

Question 16

What serotonin receptor is involved in sleep?

Answer 16

5HT-2A

Question 17

What serotonin receptor is involved in the vomit center?

Answer 17

5HT-3

Question 18

What are the symptoms of serotonin deficiency syndrome?

Answer 18

• depressed mood
• anxiety
• panic
  -phobia
• anxiety
• obsessions and compulsions
• food craving; bulimia

Question 19

What happens when the alpha 2 hetero receptor is activated on the serotonin neuron?

Answer 19

It inhibits 5HT and NE

Question 20

What is the alpha 1 receptor coupled to?

Answer 20

Gq

Question 21

Alpha 1 ______ 5HT production while alpha 2 ______ it

Answer 21

Increases; inhibits

Question 22

What was the original purpose for MAO inhibitors?

Answer 22

To treat tuberculosis

Question 23

What was the first drug discovered to treat depression?

Answer 23

MAO inhibitors

Question 24

the original MAO inhibitors were __________ and ___________

Answer 24

Non-selective and irreversible

Question 25

What kind of MAO inhibitors are irreversible and nonselective?

Answer 25

Classical MAO inhibitors

Question 26

What are RIMAs?

Answer 26

Reversible inhibitors of MAO A (and they aren’t very effective)

Question 27

True or False: selective inhibitors of MAO B are used for depression

Answer 27

False

Question 28

What happens to the level of dopamine when MAO-B is inhibited?

Answer 28

It is elevated

Question 29

Increased MAO-___ is thought to be linked with some types of treatment-resistant depression and vulnerability to relapse

Answer 29

A

Question 30

What kind of MAO inhibitors do you use to treat treatment-resistant depression?

Answer 30

MAO-A

Question 31

What were tricyclic antidepressants originally used to try to treat?

Answer 31

Psychosis

Question 32

What does NRI stand for?

Answer 32

Norepinephrine reuptake inhibition

Question 33

what is the tricyclic antidepressant M1 receptor associated with?

Answer 33

Dry mouth drowsiness

Question 34

What is the H1 receptor associated with?

Answer 34

Weight gain

Question 35

What is the tricyclic alpha receptor associated with?

Answer 35

Dizziness and decreased blood pressure

Question 36

What are the two reasons why SSRIs work differently between people?

Answer 36

- pharmacodynamics - pharmacokinetics

Question 37

Fluoxetine is a 5HT2C ________ that causes release of NE and DA

Answer 37

Antagonist

Question 38

Monoamine hypothesis

Answer 38

The reason why have depression is because we have a lack of monoamines. If we were to raise the monoamine levels, depression would be cured.

Question 39

Is the monoamine hypothesis accurate?

Answer 39

No it is an incorrect theory

Question 40

In the raphe nucleus, the increase of 5-HT causes a ______________ of the auoreceptors. This releases the inhibition on serotonin release in the terminals.

Answer 40

Down-regulation

Question 41

what happens when there is an increase of 5-HT at the terminals?

Answer 41

Effect on mood. This will case down-regulation of the postsynaptic receptors