5th new review

Question 1

그나마(not the for to mean but, still, it isn’t the worst) function and mcp

이 커피 너무 비싸요.
And it doesn’t even taste good
그나마 맛있지도 않아요

I had very little money
돈이 조금 밖에 없었어요
And my sister took it all.
그나마 그 돈 모두 언니가 가져갔어요

It was a rare case
그것은 드문 일이었요.
And even, it is(became) impossible now
그나마 이제는 불가능해졨어요.

Answer 1

It is used for it’s not the best option or situation to mean and, even, something else is bad(not 하필)

Question 2

Sunshine(in the sense of the hot or warm feeling of the sunshine coming down or coming in)

Answer 2

햇볕

Question 3

osid, good

햇볕 vs 햇빛

Answer 3

(ig) Can be used interechangebly if context isn’t clear
햇빛 refers to the light itself from the sun

햇볕 refers in the sense of the hot or warm feeling of the sunshine coming down or coming in

Question 4

good

Harvest N.

Answer 4

수확

-
가을은 수확의 계절이다
Fall is the season of harvest.

Question 5

NT

player/athlete

Answer 5

선수

-
수 = chinese hand

Question 6

check

Answer 6

수표

-
수 = hanja hand

Question 7

towel

Answer 7

수건

-
수 = hand

Question 8

htsk, NT

to tap
Typically, this word is used to indicate that one “strikes” an object.

-
테니스를 잘 쳐요? = Are you good at playing tennis?
종이 아직 안 쳤어요 = The bell hasn’t rang yet

Answer 8

치다 has many meanings depending on the noun it is used with and tell me its connotation, and what it basically mean and mcp?

Question 9

not direct translation

To play the piano

Answer 9

피아노 치다

Question 10

to play golf
to play tennis

Answer 10

골프를 치다
테니스를 치다

Question 11

to hit a bell, to ring a bell

Answer 11

종을 치다

Question 12

htsk

bell(not konglish)

Answer 12

종

종이 아직 안 쳤어요 = The bell hasn’t rang yet
종이 칠 때까지 선생님이 수업을 하실 거예요 = The teacher will do the class until the bell rings

점심 시간 종이 울리면 학생들이 급식을 먹기 위해 달리기 시작해요
= When the lunch bell rings, students start running to eat the (cafeteria) food

Question 13

doorbell

Answer 13

초인종

Question 14

to hit/tap somebody’s head, the hint is tap/think a verb that is varied meaning typically meaning strike

Answer 14

머리를 치다

Question 15

to clap one’s hands(two way one verb(nt), other part of that verb but changing the verb)

Answer 15

박수하다 or
박수 치다

박수 can be used by itself

-
수 is chinese hand

Question 16

good

Applause

Answer 16

박수

-
우레와 같은 박수
loud[thunderous] applause

Question 17

NT, really easy, hot by touch/feeling

a warm applause

Answer 17

뜨거운 박수

Question 18

maybe repeated

When 야 is added to a word, what does it do?

-
“아/어서야” is the “아/어서” we know + “야”
예를 들어, 밥을 먹고 나서야 잠이 들었다. Fell asleep only after finishing a meal

나야 이미 늦었지만 너는 일찍 도착할 수 있을 거야. I’m already late but you’ll arrive early

Answer 18

A particle added to a word that emphasizes a situation meaning only, just, even on the context.

Question 19

htsk, grav

(remove 다, no conjugation)verb+도록 what’s it common theme and what does it indicate and how about the clause, don’t worry about the various translations for this one.

-
버스를 놓치지 않도록 정류장으로 뛰어 갔어요
= I ran to the bus stop so that I would not miss the bus
학생들이 알아들을 수 있도록 천천히 말했어요
= I spoke slowly so that the students could understand me

서류를 준비해서 오후에 주도록 하겠습니다
= I will (be sure to) prepare the documents and give them to you in the afternoon

쿠키를 사각형 모양이 되도록 만들어 주세요
= Be sure to make the cookies into a square/rectangle shape

기한 내에 서류를 갖춰서 학과에 내도록 하세요
= Be sure to prepare the documents within the timeframe and submit them to the department

Answer 19

Another versatile word which has a a common theme: causes some situation to occur. It causes some situation to occur. The clause before this is being made to occur.
Also how would you use this (conjugation)?

Question 20

htsk, grav

(other than I will, I will be sure to…; Be sure to…; To make, to force; To the point of, to the extent of…) What does 도록 do, mcp, meanings, and for this meaning what can it be attached to?

Also what the core theme again bp?

-
버스를 놓치지 않도록 정류장으로 뛰어 갔어요
= I ran to the bus stop so that I would not miss the bus
학생들이 알아들을 수 있도록 천천히 말했어요
= I spoke slowly so that the students could understand me

입 냄새가 나지 않도록 매일 양치질을 열심히 해요
= I brush my teeth well everyday so that my mouth/breath doesn’t smell
내일 할머니 댁에 일찍 갈 수 있도록 짐을 미리 다 쌌어요
= I packed all of my bags so that I can go to grandma’s house early tomorrow

Answer 20

(not (으)려고, (으)러, 아/어야, 시키다)What is the versatile word, where one its meaning: can be attached to adjectives or verbs to have the meaning of “so that” or “in order to.”

One way to look at this is to think that the clause before this word “occurs” because of the main action in the sentence. This fits with my description above where I state that this word causes some situation to occur.

Question 21

osid

In public where you see 도록 commonly in Korea?

Answer 21

(ig) This meaning of ~도록 is very commonly seen in signs around Korea. For example, you may see signs that say:
다른 승객들이 불편하지 않도록 신문을 읽지 마세요
= Please don’t read a newspaper on the train so that other passengers are not uncomfortable

There is a sign at the gym that I work out at that has the following message:
모든 회원님들이 사용할 수 있도록 긴 시간 동안 기구를 사용하지 마세요
= Don’t use a machine for a long time so that all members can use them

Question 22

For 도록 usage of the meaning of “so that” or “in order to.” the clause before 도록 “occurs” because of the main action in the sentence. What can it be interchanged with, also differentiate them on usage commonality?

• Before
  내일 할머니 댁에 일찍 갈 수 있도록 짐을 미리 다 쌌어요
  = I packed all of my bags so that I can go to grandma’s house early tomorrow

미세먼지가 심한 날에 목이 아프지 않도록 꼭 마스크를 써야 돼요
= On days that the micro-dust is severe, you should definitely wear a mask so that your throat doesn’t get sore

그 범죄자는 범죄를 저지를 때 피해자가 자기를 알아볼 수 없도록 마스크를 써요
= The criminal wears a mask so that the victims can’t recognize him when he commits a crime

After
내일 할머니 댁에 일찍 갈 수 있게 짐을 미리 다 쌌어요
미세먼지가 심한 날에 목이 아프지 않게 꼭 마스크를 써야 돼요
그 범죄자는 범죄를 저지를 때 피해자가 자기를 알아볼 수 없게 마스크를 써요

Answer 22

도록 and ~게 can be used interchangeably in what types of usage of 도록? You are more likely to see ~도록 on signs and in formal writing. I would much rather say “~게” in my sentences over “~도록.”

TOPIK example, the question might ask what can replace the underlined section below to have the same meaning:

버스를 놓치지 않도록 정류장으로 뛰어 갔어요

Possible choices might be:

a) 는데
b) 고
c) 게
d) 아도

Easy peasy.

Question 23

HTSK, verified

some(two syallable that is repeated)
Usually placed before a word meaning “people” to mean “some ____”

Answer 23

몇몇 meaning and what is usally placed before.

-
몇몇 사람 = some people
몇몇 학생 = some students
몇몇 사람들은 밥을 좋아하지 않아 = Some people don’t like rice

Question 24

some people(for some is word that has repetead syallable)

Answer 24

몇몇 사람

Question 25

Dust just like how is used in 영어

Answer 25

먼지

먼지 때문에 밖에 나가는 것 대신에 집에 있자
= Because of the dust, instead of going outside, let’s stay in the house

솔이 있으면 먼지 청소를 할 때 편해요
= If you have a brush, it is easy/comfortable to clean dust

분필을 쓰면 먼지가 생겨서 분필 대신에 마커를 쓰는 학교가 많아요
= When you use chalk dust forms so there are a lot of schools that use markers instead of chalk

Question 26

Fine, tiny comes from chinese(not 작다, 세미하다, 세세하다, 세소하다)

Answer 26

미세한

미세한 부분까지 조사하다발음듣기
investigate (a matter) down to the minutest details
tiny projections on the cell
그 세포 위의 미세한 돌기들
You really need a magnifying glass to appreciate all the fine detail.
모든 미세한 세부적인 부분을 감상하려면 정말 확대경이 있어야 해요.

Question 27

fine/micro dust (in the air), one word( for fine/micro it’s not 작다, 세미하다, 세세하다, 세소하다)

Answer 27

미세먼지

Question 28

grav

대신(에), mainly use 에 with it mcp, what it basically mean, for this one don’t explain using it with verbs.

저는 밥 대신에 빵을 먹었어요 = Instead of eating rice, I ate bread
저는 연필 대신에 펜을 쓸 거예요 = Instead of using a pencil, I will use a pen
애기는 우유 대신에 물만 마시고 싶어요 = Instead of milk, the baby wants to drink only water

Answer 28

Instead(not 차라리, 말고) The simplest way to use this word is immediately after a noun with no additional grammar.(don’t worry about using verbs with this one)

Also what you know when using this?

Question 29

grav

If you want to express that one does an action instead of another action, what are the two ways(doesn’t use 차라리, 말고)

Also how would you use this with tenses?

Answer 29

What does this do:
using the ~는 것 principle.
는 것 대신에 or
는 대신에

Even if you are talking about something in the past or future, you should always use ~는 것 대신에 (or ~는 대신에)

-
지금 가는 것 대신에 자정 후에 나가자
= Instead of going now, let’s go out after midnight

먼지 때문에 밖에 나가는 것 대신에 집에 있자
= Because of the dust, instead of going outside, let’s stay in the house

안산에서 사는 것 대신에 의정부에서 살고 싶어요
= Instead of living in Ansan, I want to live in Uijeongbu
그냥 앉아 있는 것 대신에 헬스장에 가서 운동하자!
= Instead of just sitting here, let’s go to the gym and exercise!

Question 30

차라리 mcp/kind of meaning word. What should know what the sentences often include with this word, and also for it’s function what can you do with this word and it’s beauty.

Answer 30

Another one of those words that has very little meaning on its own, but intensifies a feeling within particular sentences. It is used in sentences when one is talking about doing one action over another. Because of this usage, it is often used in sentences with “대신에.”

Though the beauty of using “this word” is that you don’t always need to waste your time saying “instead of.” By using this word, the speaker can indicate that he/she “doesn’t “do the indicated action” without explicitly stating it.

학교에 가는 것 대신에 차라리 오락실에 가자! = Instead of going to school, let’s go to the arcade

학교에 갈래요? = Shall we go to school?
차라리 오락실 가자! = Instead of doing that, let’s go to the arcade!

밖에 나갈래요? = Shall we go outside?(two ways to anwser it)
밖에 나가는 것 대신에 차라리 여기서 있자 = Instead of going outside, let’s stay here
밖에 나가는 대신에 차라리 여기서 있자 = Instead of going outside, let’s stay here

Question 31

Without 에, what can 대신 do?

Answer 31

Other than 차라리, what can also indicate “instead of.” By using this word, the speaker can indicate that he/she “doesn’t “do the indicated action” without explicitly stating it.

학교에 갈래요? = Shall we go to school?
대신 오락실 가자! = Instead, let’s go to the arcade!

밖에 나갈래요? = Shall we go outside?
대신 여기서 있자 = I’d rather stay here

Question 32

말고 has a similar meaning to what, and can replace what? What meanings can it have bp?

밥 말고 빵 먹을래요?
= Instead of rice, shall we eat bread?
= Shall we eat bread, and not rice?

소문 말고 확실한 증거가 필요해요 = We need evidence, not a rumor
지금 말고 자정 무렵에 가는 게 어때요? = Not now, how about going around midnight?

우유 거품 말고 진짜 우유를 많이 주세요 = Please give me real milk, not milk bubbles/foam

이 수영장은 동절기 말고 하절기에만 열어요 = This swimming pool is open only in the summer (season), not the winter (season)

Answer 32

It is also possible to just use “what word” (instead of using ~지 말고(negative imperative) with a verb) to have a similar meaning to just using 대신 with a noun.(not 차라리)

Meaning around instead, not noun, and rather than

Question 33

htsk

Some accents in Korea (usually older people who grew up in the countryside somewhere) change the pronunciation of “말고” to what? I’ve also noticed that younger people are saying “this word” these days in an attempt to sound cute.

Answer 33

말구 mcp and what effect it can have from what?

Question 34

(other than To cause a situation to occur; Be sure to…; To make, to force; To the point of, to the extent of…) What does 도록 do, mcp, meanings, and its common setting/circumstances?
Also what you should you know when using this?
Also how does it relate to 도록 core theme and its connotation of the prev clause.

일까지 하도록 하겠습니다 = I will do it by tomorrow

제가 지금부터 열심히 일하도록 할게요
= I will (be sure to) work hard from now on
서류를 준비해서 오후에 주도록 하겠습니다
= I will (be sure to) prepare the documents and give them to you in the afternoon

지난 경기를 안타깝게 비겨서 이번에 꼭 이기도록 할 거예요
= We unfortunately tied the previous match, so this time I will (be sure to) win

Answer 34

What is the versatile word, where one its meaning: can be attached to adjectives or verbs to have the meaning of “I will, I will be sure to…”(no 거, 게/ 야in it)

It is to be attached to verbs and then followed by a verb (usually 하다) in the future tense(plain form).

In essence, this is simply a way for a speaker to indicate that he will do something in the future. It is typically used in formal settings (like in a work environment) as it contains the feeling that the speaker will “be sure to” to do the action.

Question 35

(other than To cause a situation to occur; I will, I will be sure to…; To make, to force; To the point of, to the extent of…) What does 도록 do, mcp, meaning? Also who can it be directed to? How does it relate to 도록 common theme NT?

쿠키를 사각형 모양이 되도록 만들어 주세요
= Be sure to make the cookies into a square/rectangle shape

기한 내에 서류를 갖춰서 학과에 내도록 하세요
= Be sure to prepare the documents within the timeframe and submit them to the department
중요한 선거가 곧 있으니 뇌물을 받지 않도록 주의하세요
= There is an important election soon, so be careful to not accept any bribes

소득세를 기한 안에 내지 않으면 벌금이 부과되기 때문에 꼭 3월 31일까지 내도록 하세요
= If you don’t pay your taxes in the timeframe, a fine will be imposed, so be sure to pay by March 31st

Answer 35

What is the versatile word, where one its meaning: can be attached to adjectives or verbs to have the meaning of “Be sure to…”(no 거, 게/ 야in it)

A speaker can use this word attached to an action that he would like to be done. This could be directed at a listener, or directed at a general audience (like the general public). Again, the clause before this thing is being made to occur.

Question 36

(other than To cause a situation to occur; I will, I will be sure to…; Be sure to… ; To the point of, to the extent of…) What does 도록 do, mcp, meanings? Also what can replace with this usage showing the versabiltiy of 도록?

example of this one’s translation

부장님은 모든 직원들이 회의에 참석하도록 했어요
= The boss made all of the workers come to the meeting

부모님은 제가 대학교에 진학하도록 강요하셨어요
= My parents forced me to go to University
선생님이 학생들을 동그라미 모양으로 서도록 했어요
= The teacher made the students stand in a circle

엄마 아빠에게 칭찬을 받을 수 있도록 방을 깨끗이 청소했어요
= I cleaned my room (cleanly) to make mom and dad praise me

Answer 36

What is the versatile word, where one its meaning: can be attached to adjectives or verbs to have the meaning of “To make, to force”(no 거, 게/ 야, 라, 세, (으)십시오 in it)

It is possible to use this word to refer to a command that was given.

For the example, the following two sentences (from “To cause a situation to occur”(translation 1)) would also be appropriate using the current translation:

example for how it can be interchanged

엄마 아빠에게 칭찬을 받을 수 있도록 방을 깨끗이 청소했어요
= I cleaned my room (cleanly) to make mom and dad praise me
그 범죄자는 범죄를 저지를 때 피해자가 자기를 알아볼 수 없도록 마스크를 써요
= The criminal wears a mask to make his victims not recognize him when he commits a crime

Although there are no commands in these two sentences, you could see how the translation of “make” would work.
The clause attached to ~도록 is being made to happen.

Question 37

(other than To cause a situation to occur; I will, I will be sure to…; Be sure to… ; To make, to force) What does 도록 do, mcp, meanings?

Also for this usage, what it commonly used as, using what?

EX of its usage

선수는 숨을 못 쉬도록 빨리 뛰었어요 = The athlete ran fast to the extent that he couldn’t breathe

제가 김치를 질리도록 먹었어요 = I ate kimchi to the extent that I was sick of it
우리는 발이 아프도록 걸어 다녔어요 = We walked around to the point that our feet hurt
자전거를 피로감이 느껴지도록 빨리 탔어요 = I rode my bike to the point that I felt fatigued

Answer 37

What is the versatile word, where one its meaning: can be attached to adjectives or verbs to have the meaning of “To the point of, to the extent of…”(no (으)려, (으)러, 기로 하다 in it)

This word can be used to indicate that one does an action to a certain extent.

This style of sentence is often used as a metaphor (most commonly with 죽다) to indicate that one does something to some metaphoric extreme.

EX of common form that can be in a metaphor

제가 죽도록 당신을 사랑할 거예요 = I will love to the point that I will die
금메달을 따기 위해 맨날 죽도록 운동했어요 = In order to win the gold medal, I exercised every day to the point that I would die

동해 물과 백두산이 마르고 닳도록…
The line above provides the metaphor that Korea will live forever, until “the East Sea is dry, and 백두산 is completely worn down” – both of which would never really happen.

Question 38

지나도록 mcp and what does it most fit what 도록 usage?

ex of it

우리는 3년이 지나도록 못 만났어요 = We haven’t met in three years
이틀이 지나도록 밥을 안 먹었어요 = I haven’t eaten in two days

Answer 38

What’s the construction?
A common word that ~도록 is used with is “what.” By using “word+도록,” you can indicate that a certain amount of time has passed since something happened.
It most fits 도록 extent defintion.

showing how it fit the extent definition

우리는 3년이 지나도록 못 만났어요
= We haven’t met in so long (to the extent that) three years have passed since we last met!

이틀이 지나도록 밥을 안 먹었어요
= I haven’t eaten in so long (to the extent that) two days have past

Question 39

To be clear

Answer 39

맑다, 맑아요

Question 40

To be dirty

Answer 40

더럽다, 더러워요

우리 집은 지금 매우 더러워요 = Our house is really dirty right now
쥐는 너무 더러워요 = Rats are very dirty
바다는 춥고 더러워요 = The ocean is cold and dirty
제가 세수를 하지 않았기 때문에 얼굴이 더러워 보여요 = My face looks dirty because I didn’t wash it

Question 41

to be honest/frank(verb, and the common form(adv) (not 진솔하다’, ‘참되다’, ‘정직하다, 사실,진실)

그가 친절하기도 하고 솔직하기도 해요 = He is nice and honest, too
솔직히 제가 어떻게 할지 몰라요 = Honestly, I don’t know what I will do
솔직하게 말하면 이게 맛이 없어요 = To be honest, this tastes bad

Answer 41

솔직하다, 솔직하게

Question 42

honestly, frankly adverb(not 정직히)

Answer 42

솔직히

Question 43

If I speak honestly… “to be frank”…(정직히 isn’t used)

Answer 43

솔직히 말하면…

솔직하게 말하면 이게 맛이 없어요 = To be honest, this tastes bad

Question 44

checked

Anwser, reply N(not from 대답하다, 응답하다 or 답장)

Answer 44

답변

-
She gave an equivocal answer, typical of a politician.
그녀는 정치인 특유의 모호한 답변을 했다.

He reached a plea bargain with the authorities.
그는 당국과 유죄 답변 협상을 보았다.

to evade answering a question
질문에 대한 답변을 피하다

Question 45

checked

To anwser, reply(not 대답하다, 응답하다 )

Answer 45

답변하다

질문에 답변하다
answer the question

Question 46

an honest answer(for anwser N not from 대답하다, 응답하다 or 답장, and for honest not 진솔하다’, ‘참되다’, ‘정직하다, 사실,진실)

Answer 46

솔직한 답변

Question 47

HTSK

Verb meaning/function: To search for a worker, to search for a job, to get a job

This word is used when a person is looking to find a job. It is also used when a company is looking to find a worker.

Depending on the context, it could be used to indicate that one found a job.

EX for it’s 4th meaning

저는 직업을 구했다 = I found a job

Answer 47

구하다(3 meanings, similar)
Also what is this circumstances, do you typically see this(2)?
And depending on context what’s it 4th meaning?

저는 아직 직업을 구하는 중이에요 = I am still looking for a job
저는 일을 구하려고 그 회사에 이력서를 냈어요 = I submitted my resume to that company with the intention of getting a job
우리 회사는 점원 한 명을 구하고 싶어요 = Our company is looking for (to hire) one clerk

Question 48

you often see signs outside of businesses that say “what two words” – which would translate to “we are hiring!”

Answer 48

직원 구함 means what on a sign?

Question 49

extended repeated, htsk

게 하다 meanings and ultimate idea

Answer 49

(Not 야, 도록)grammer that has translations of “to make” and/or “to let.”

“to make” is more related to forcing a person to do an action; whereas “to let” is more related to allowing a person to do an action. In both cases, the subject is doing something (either forcing or allowing) that, in the end, influences/causes the person to do the action.

저는 그를 자게 할 거예요 = I will let him sleep
학생들은 선생님을 화나게 했어요 = The students made the teacher mad
저는 학생들을 바로 준비하게 했어요 = I made the students get ready right away

Question 50

possible extended repeated

Assuming that the action is somehow positive or beneficial for the person being influenced, it is acceptable to attach what? to the end of ~게 하다.

Answer 50

When do you add 아/어 주다 to 게 하다?

저는 저의 여자 친구를 행복하게 해 주었어요 = I made my girlfriend happy

Question 51

What construction creates this(doesn’t involve 야, 도록?
Indicate that “one did something to cause/influence somebody to be surprised.” This can more simply be translated to “one surprised somebody.”

Answer 51

놀라게 해요 meaning

-
제가 한국말을 할 수 있어서 저는 한국 사람들을 항상 놀라게 해요
= Because I can speak Korean, I always surprise Korean people
엄마가 저에게 선물을 줘서 저를 놀라게 했어요
= Because my mother gave me a present, she surprised me

Question 52

OSID

게 하다 used with adjectives does what?

Answer 52

(ig)When used like this, the subject causes/influences the object to “be” the adjective used.

저는 우리 엄마를 슬프게 했어요 = I made our mom sad
애기를 무섭게 하지 마세요! = Don’t make the baby scared (don’t scare the baby)
아빠는 저를 피곤하게 했어요 = Dad made me tired

저의 남자 친구가 저의 기분을 상하게 했어요
= My boyfriend made me feel bad (made me ruin my feelings)

Question 53

osid

What should you know about the subjects and objects when using 게 하다?

Answer 53

(ig) 이/가 can be attached to the person you are influencing, and ~을/를 can be attached to the object that the person is acting on.

나는 그를 공부하게 했다 = I made him study
나는 그가 한국어를 공부하게 했다 = I made him study Korean

나는 그를 이해하게 했다 = I made him understand
나는 그가 한국어 문법을 이해하게 했다 = I made him understand Korean grammar

Question 54

When added to a verb, what are the meanings of 게, and its common meaning? What does it indicate to the clause after it?

Answer 54

What can be added to a verb and that’s it to have meanings of So that; In Order to; To allow for. It’s main meaning is “so that.” The clause after this addition causes or influences the clause before this addition to occur.

선생님은 제가 칠판을 보게 했어요

This could be translated to:
The teacher made me look at the board, or
The teacher let me look at the board, or more generally
The teacher did something that caused/influenced me to look at the board

선생님은 제가 칠판을 보게 불을 켰어요 = The teacher turned on the light so that I could see the board
제가 잘 들을 수 있게 크게 말해 주세요 = Please speak loudly so that I can hear you well
음식을 좀 만들게 재료를 사 와 = Buy some ingredients so that I can make some food
애기가 깨지 않게 조용히 노크해 주세요 = Knock quietly so that the baby doesn’t wake up

Question 55

osid

From Topik:
What’s the difference between these two setences:
사람들이 모두 보게 안내문을 벽에 붙였다, and
사람들이 모두 보도록 안내문을 벽에 붙였다

Answer 55

(ig) no difference