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Top 300 Drugs > 6/17/2023 > Flashcards

6/17/2023 Flashcards

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1
Q

Avelox

A

Moxifloxacin

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2
Q

Moxifloxacin MOA

A

Inhibits DNA gyrase, the enzyme that maintains the superhelical structure of DNA. Therefore, the drug inhibits DNA replication and transcription, DNA repair, recombination, and transposition.

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3
Q

Moxifloxacin class

A

Fluoroquinolone

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4
Q

CellCept

A

Mycophenolate

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5
Q

Mycophenolate class

A

immunosuppressant; antiproliferative agent

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6
Q

Mycophenolate MOA

A

Inhibitor of IMPDH, which is an enzyme responsible for cell proliferation, specific to B and T cells

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7
Q

Vivitrol

A

Naltrexone

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8
Q

Naltrexone MOA

A

Opioid antagonist - similar in structure to naloxone. Competitive antagonist against opioid receptor sites, shows highest affinity for mu receptors. Endogenous opioids are involved in modulating the expression of alcohol’s reinforcing effects.

Also modifies the HPA axis to suppress alcohol consumption.

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9
Q

Naproxen MOA

A

COX inhibition (non-selective); decreases prostaglandin synthesis

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10
Q

Macrobid

A

Nitrofurantoin

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11
Q

Nitrofurantoin MOA

A

Reduced by bacteria flavoproteins to reactivate intermediates and inactivate or alter bacterial ribosomal proteins, leading to inhibition of protein synthesis, aerobic energy metabolism, DNA, RNA, and cell wall synthesis.

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12
Q

Opdivo

A

Nivolumab

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13
Q

Nivolumab MOA

A

Monoclonal antibody that selectively inhibits programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) activity by binding to PD-1 receptor and blocking the ligands PDL-1 and PDL-2 from binding. Results in reversal of T-cell suppression and induction of immune antitumor responses.

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14
Q

Pamelor

A

Notriptyline

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15
Q

Nortriptyline MOA

A

Inhibits reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine in the CNS. Also inhibits activity of histamine and acetylcholine.

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16
Q

Nivolumab class

A

Anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody (antineoplastic)

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17
Q

Nortriptyline class

A

tricyclic antidepressant

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18
Q

Bio-Statin

A

Nystatin

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19
Q

Nystatin MOA

A

Binds to sterols in the fungal cell membrane, changing the cell wall permeability and allowing for leakage of cellular contents.

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20
Q

Nystatin class

A

antifungal

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21
Q

Gazyva

A

Obinutuzumab

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22
Q

Obinutuzumab MOA

A

monoclonal antibody that targets CD20 antigen on B-cells and mediates cell lysis

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23
Q

Obinutuzumab class

A

Anti-CD20 antineoplastic agent

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24
Q

Ocrevus

A

Ocrelizumab

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25
Ocrelizumab MOA
Monoclonal antibody directed against CD-20 expressing B cells, leading to cell-mediated phagocytosis and cytotoxicity. Less B cells leads to less production of autoantibodies and cytokines responsible for damage to myelin.
26
Ocrelizumab class
Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody
27
Sandostatin
Octreotide
28
Octreotide MOA
Mimics natural somatostatin by inhibiting serotonin release and the secretion of gastrin, VIP, insulin, glucagon, secretin, motilin, and pancreatic polypeptide.
29
Octreotide class
Antidiarrheal; somatostatin analog
30
Arzerra
Ofatumumab
31
Ofatumumab MOA
Monoclonal antibody against CD20 on B cells, resulting in B cell lysis and antibody-dependent cell-mediated toxicity in cells that overexpress CD20.
32
Ofatumumab class
Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody
33
Olanzapine MOA
Mixed 5-HT2A and D2 antagonism, results in: Reduced DA activity in the mesolimbic pathway and reduced positive symptoms Increased DA release from 5-HT2A antagonism in the mesocortical pathway and reduced negative symptoms Increased DA release from 5-HT2A antagonism in the nigrostriatal pathway and less risk of EPS Increased DA release from 5-HT2A antagonism in the tuberoinfundibular pathway and less risk for hyperprolactinemia
34
Olanzapine class
second generation antipsychotic
35
Ondansetron MOA
Selective 5-HT3 receptor antagonist that blocks serotonin, both peripherally on vagal nerve terminals and centrally in the chemoreceptor trigger zone
36
Tamiflu
Oseltamivir
37
Oseltamivir MOA
Inhibits influenza virus neuraminidase, the enzyme that cleaves the budding viral progeny from its cellular envelope attachment point prior to release
38
Oseltamivir class
Antiviral; neuraminidase inhibitor
39
Eloxatin
Oxaliplatin
40
Oxaliplatin MOA
Alkylating agent; binds to DNA to form cross-links which inhibit DNA replication and transcription, resulting in cell death. Cell cycle nonspecific.
41
Oxaliplatin class
alkylating agent
42
Trileptal
Oxcarbazepine
43
Oxcarbazepine MOA
Sodium channel blocker
44
Oxcarbazepine class
Narrow spectrum antiepileptic drug
45
Taxol
Paclitaxel
46
Abraxane
Paclitaxel
47
Paclitaxel MOA
Promotes microtubule assembly by inducing tubulin polymerization. Results in inappropriately stable, non-functional microtubules and prevents their disassembly. This disrupts mitosis and other cellular functions. Inhibits angiogenesis.
48
Paclitaxel class
Taxane
49
Aredia
Pamidronate
50
Pamidronate MOA
Inhibits bone resorption by disrupting osteoclast activity
51
Pamidronate class
Bisphosphonate derivative
52
Neulasta
Pegfilgrastim
53
Ziextenzo
Pegfilgrastim
54
Fulphila
Pegfilgrastim
55
Pegfilgrastim MOA
Stimulates production, maturation, and activation of neutrophils and activates neutrophils to increase their migration and cytotoxicity.
56
Pegfilgrastim class
colony stimulating factor
57
Plegridy
Peginterferon Beta-1A
58
Peginterferon Beta-1A MOA
Alters expression and response to surface antigens and can enhance immune cell activities.
59
Peginterferon Beta-1A class
Biologic response modulator; interferon
60
Keytruda
Pembrolizumab
61
Pembrolizumab MOA
Monoclonal antibody that selectively inhibits programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) activity by binding to PD-1 receptor and blocking the ligands PDL-1 and PDL-2 from binding. Results in reversal of T-cell suppression and induction of immune antitumor responses.
62
Pembrolizumab class
Anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody
63
Luminal
Phenobarbital
64
Phenobarbital MOA
Long-acting barbiturate with sedative, hypnotic, and antiseizure activity. GABA agonist.
65
Phenobarbital class
Barbiturate; broad spectrum antiepileptic drug
66
Dilantin
Phenytoin
67
Phenytoin MOA
Sodium channel blocker
68
Phenytoin class
Narrow spectrum antiepileptic drug
69
Polyethylene glycol 3350 MOA
Osmotic agent; causes water retention in the stool.
70
Mirapex
Pramipexole
71
Pramipexole MOA
Non-ergot dopamine agonist. Stimulates dopamine activity on the nerves of the striatum and substantia nigra.
72
Pramipexole class
Dopamine agonist; anti-Parkinson agent
73
Deltasone
Prednisone
74
Pregabalin MOA
Binds to alpha-2-delta subunit of voltage gated calcium channels in the CNS and modulates calcium influx at the nerve terminals, thereby inhibiting excitatory neurotransmitter release.
75
Pregabalin class
GABA analog; narrow spectrum antiepileptic drug
76
Compazine
Prochlorperazine
76
Compazine
Prochlorperazine
77
Prochlorperazine MOA
Blocks postsynaptic mesolimbic dopaminergic receptors in the brain. Exhibits strong alpha-adrenergic and anticholinergic blocking effect and depresses the release of hypothalamic and hypophyseal hormones.
78
Prochlorperazine class
Antiemetic; first generation antipsychotic

Top 300 Drugs (9 decks)

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