6. Byzantine + Russia Test Flashcards
(62 cards)
1
Q
When + by whom was Constantinople named the new capital?
A
- Constantinople was named the new capital in AD 330, by Constantine.
2
Q
When + by whom was Constantinople conquered?
A
- It was conquered by the Ottomans Turks in 1453. (Muslim).
3
Q
What was the Western Church called?
A
- Roman Catholic Church
4
Q
What was the Eastern church called?
A
- Eastern Orthodox Church
5
Q
Similarities between the East. + West. church?
A
- Faith is based on the gospel of Jesus + the Bible.
- Sacraments (visible signs of something sacred) like baptism used.
- Religious Leaders = priests + bishops
- Seek > convert ppl.
FSRS
6
Q
Roman Catholic Differences
A
- Services conducted in Latin.
- Pope = ultimate authority
- Priests can’t marry
- Divorce isn’t allowed
SUAPD
7
Q
Eastern Orthodox Differences
A
- Services conducted in Greek/local languages.
- Emperor = ultimate authority.
- Priests can marry
- Divorce allowed under certain conditions.
SUAPD
8
Q
How did Byzantine culture spread thru Russia?
A
- By sending missionaries and trading w/ Slavs > Russian culture
9
Q
What was the capital of the Eastern Roman Empire?
A
- The capital of the Eastern Roman Empire = Byzantium (Turkey).
10
Q
Byzantine Emperors
A
- Ruled with absolute power.
- Headed state + church
- Appointed + dismissed bishops.
11
Q
Justinian Code
A
- J setup a panel to comb thru 400 yrs of Roman law to create a single uniform code.
- Regulated areas of Byzantine life like marriage, slavery, property, women’s rights
12
Q
Justinian’s Code 4 works
A
- Code, Digest, Institutes, and Novellue (new laws).
13
Q
Justinian’s Code- Code
A
- ~5,000 Roman laws still considered useful 4 the Byzantine Empire
14
Q
Justinian’s Code - Digest
A
- Quoted + summarized the opinions of Rome’s greatest legal thinkers abt. the law
15
Q
Justinian’s Code- Institutes
A
- Textbook > told law students how to use the law
16
Q
Justinian’s Code - Novellue
A
- New laws
- Presented legislation passed after 534.
17
Q
Hagia Sophia
A
- Holy Wisdom, a Christian church.
18
Q
Hippodrome
A
- Greek 4 horse + racecourse
- Provided free entertainment (chariot races)
19
Q
Nika Rebellion
A
- In 532, 2 fan groups from Hippodrome rioted + yelled Nika/ Victory
- Felt officials 2 severe in putting down prev. riot, and demanded Justinian overthrow
20
Q
Emperor Heraclius
A
- Reorganized empire along military lines.
- Provinces > themes/ military districts
- Each theme ran by General
21
Q
St. Basil
A
- Wrote rules for the life of monks.
- Believed ppl shouldn’t be showy.
22
Q
St. John Chrysostom
A
- Bishop of Constantinople + patriarch of the east.
23
Q
Patriarch
A
- Leading bishop
- Highest church official
24
Q
Iconoclast Controversy
A
- In 730, Emperor Leo 3 banned icon use. But Pope in West supported it.
25
Icons
- Religious images used by Eastern Christians to aid in devotions
26
Excommunication
- Declaring an emperor to be an outcast from the church's
27
What 2 things did St. Methodius + St. Cyril do?
- Worked among Slavs + invented alphabet 4 Slavic languages
28
Cyrillic alphabet
- Many Slavic languages (including Russian) written in it.
29
Where does the Silk Road end?
Byzantine
30
Why do we remember Justinian?
- For his reform of the law (Justinian's code)
31
Justinian's ruling style.
- Autocrat: sole ruler w/ complete authority
| - Had power over the church
32
What helped J run the empire?
- A bureaucracy: Nonelective gov't officials that make important decisions
33
Theodora, J's wife
- Advocate for women and the poor
34
What did Byzantine act as?
- Byzantine acted as a buffer state, protecting Western Europe from tough invaders
35
While the rest of Europe wasn't doing well, Byzantine's flourished bc of
- While the rest of Europe wasn't doing well, Byzantine's flourished bc of TRADE + AN EFFECTIVE BUREAUCRACY.
36
Who rules in east vs west?
- West: Pope rules
| - East: Emperor rules
37
Emperor's role in church?
- Controls church affairs + appoints patriarch.
38
East's opinion on icons
- The East hated + banned icons for a while, led to 1054 Schism
39
1054 Schism
- Permanent split between East + West churches
40
What did Byzantine Heritage combine?
- Byzantine heritage combined Christian beliefs with Greek science + culture
41
Where is Constantinople?
- Istanbul
42
The primary chronicle
History of Russia written by monks
43
Princess Olga
- In 957, she visited Constantinople + converted to Christianity
44
Vladimir
- Olga's grandson, converts to Byzantine Christianity w/ subjects
45
What did Yaroslave do to the empire?
- Instead of giving the throne to eldest, he splits up empire for sons, causing fights.
46
The Crusades
- Clashes between Christians + Muslims 4 control of Holy Lands in the Middle East, starting in 1095.
47
Genghis Khan
- Founder + leader of Mongols.
48
Batu Khan
- Genghis's grandson, he and Mongols rekt Kiev in 1240.
49
Mongol Rule
- Peaceful/ tolerant as long as you pay w/ peace & $.
50
Alexander Nevsky
- A Novgorod prince + military hero, he advised fellow princes to cooperate with Mongols
51
Moscow's Prince Ivan
- In late 1320s, Prince Ivan crushes Russian revolt, and is appointed tax collector + named "Grand Prince".
- Secretly backstabbed Mongols by convincing Kiev Patriarch to move to Moscow, and enlarging territory around Moscow
52
Ivan 3
- Prince of Moscow, challenged Mongol rule, and claimed czar name
53
Czar
- The Russian version of Caesar
54
Rurik
- The Slavs invited the Viking chief Rurik to be king, and he founded Novgorod in 852.
55
In ___, a high ranking nobleman named ___ succeeded his uncle to the throne.
In 527, a high ranking nobleman named JUSTINIAN succeeded his uncle to the throne.
56
When did Justinian die?
Justinian died in 565.
57
Byzantine's influence on Russia (2)
1. Byzantine sent missionaries to the Slavs
| 2. Byzantine traded w/ them
58
The blending of __ + __ traditions eventually produced Russian culture
The blending of SLAVIC and GREEK traditions eventually produced Russian culture
59
Byzantine art
Mosaics
60
The Byzantine empire preserved...
The Byzantine empire preserved Greek/Roman culture
61
Yaroslave the Wise
- In 1019, Vladimir's son becomes ruler
| - He marries off fam, created a legal code, and built first library in Kiev
62
Byzantine's surrounded on ___ by ___ ___ ___.
Byzantine's surrounded on 3 sides by cliffs over water
