Lecture - Pathology (Restrictive Lung Disease)

Question 1

Classification of Pulmonary disease

1. Restrictive disease:
   - what is this caracterised by?
   - what major thing is decreased?
   - what about the expiratory flow rate?
2. Obstructive disease:
   - what is this characterised by?
   - is it reverisble or non reversible?

Answer 1

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Question 2

Restrictive lung disease:

There are three things that impair the expansion of the lung - what are they?

Just list them for now

Answer 2

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Question 3

Restrictive lung disease: Resabsorption aeecttlasis (collapse)

1. First, spell the word in the title right
2. What is this caused by? Examples pls
3. Air in the parenchyma distal to the obstruction is slowly _____
4. What occurs that leads to medistinal shift (it tries to fill the space that’s been blocked)

Answer 3

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Question 4

Restrictive lung disease: Compression Atelectasis

1. This is the clinically most significant one - what is it caused by?
2. What is this caused by?
3. What is pneumothorax and haemothorax? These two can lead to the compression

Answer 4

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Question 5

Restrictive lung disease: Contraction atelectasis

1. What is this caused by?
2. Are the changes focal or diffuse?
3. What can fibrosis be caused by?

Answer 5

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Question 6

What are the two effects of restricted disease? I mean, think about it logically…..you have lung diease so what’s gonna happen

Answer 6

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Question 7

Acute lung injury: Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ARDS

1. So there are two broad classifications for what it can be caused by - what are they?
2. So it’s global damage to the lung aka diffuse alvelor damage - what three phases will it have?
3. The sequence of respose - explain this to a wall. Maybe even try draw it out yourself

4, Okay so what happens in the exudative phase?

5. What does the exudative phase look like histologically?
6. What happens in both the proliferative and fibrotic phases?

Question 8

What is bronchopulmonary dysplasia?

What does it look like histologically?

Answer 8

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Question 9

Chronic restrctive lung diseases:

1. They are a group of different diseases but how are they similar?
2. What’s the end stage of these diseases?

Question 10

Classification of interstitial lung disease

Now we are talking about chronic restrictive lung disease

1. WHat are the two granulomatous diseases?
2. What are the two non granulomatous diseases?
3. Actually, what even is a granuloma?
   - how does granuloma look like in TB

Answer 10

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Question 11

Chronic restrictive lung disease: Sarcoidosis

1. What is the presenting picture?
2. How many people develop pulmonary fibrosis with this?
3. How many systems does it involve?
4. What is it caused by?
5. So you kow it has granuloma but how is it different to TB?
6. WHat does disgnosis have to exclude?
7. What are asteroid bodies?

Question 12

Chronic Restrictive Lung disease: Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis (Extrinsic Allergic Alveolitis)

1. So what is this?
2. What hypersensitivity inflammatory disease is this?
3. Affects what part of the body?
   - how is it different to sarcoidosis
   - does it happen below the diaphragm?
4. What are the three types of causes?
5. Give some examples pls
6. Alright so tell me what the morphology is (like, what does it look like?)

Question 13

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

1. WHat’s the other name for this?
2. What’s the etiology?
3. Is it localised interstitial fibrosis or widespread?
4. So what happens internally that leads to something you can see on their face?
5. Who is more lilely to get it?
6. What is te diagnosis like?
7. Explain the pathogensis of IPF
8. Histologically, what does it look like?

Question 14

So what’s the end stage of chronic restrictive lung diseas? What food does it look like?

What would it look like if it was CT scan

Question 15

Fibrosis of known cause

1. What sort of things could this be due to?
   - how do you diagnose IPF then?
2. What is a collagen vascular disease, that can lead to this?
3. What about inhaled dusts?
4. Asbestos is on another card
5. Interstitial disease caused by drugs, poisons and radiation - how does this work?

Question 16

Asbestosis

1. What does this increase the risk of?
2. What if you smoke too?
3. Alright, so when the fibres of asbestosis are inhaled, what happens to them?
4. What do you see?

Question 17

Extrinsic Diseases

1. What are the three diseases/disorders
2. FOr each, what sort of thing can cause them? Basically what do you know about each
   - what do you see