1.4.3 Gluteal Region and Posterior Thigh

Question 1

Answer 1

Question 2

ID

Answer 2

Iliotibial tract

Question 3

Answer 3

Question 4

What is the anatomical position of the pelvis?

Answer 4

The anterior superior illiac spine and pubic tubercle run along the vertical line of gravity

Question 5

Answer 5

Question 6

What is the deep fascia of the thigh called?

Answer 6

“Fascia lata”

Question 7

What are the four muscles of the superficial layer of the gluteal region?

Answer 7

Gluteus maximus/medius/minimus and tensor fascia lata

-all work to resist gravity

Question 8

Name these muscles

Answer 8

Question 9

What innervates the gluteus maximus?

Answer 9

Inferior gluteal

Question 10

What are the origins and insertions of the gluteus maximus?

Answer 10

O: dorsal sacroilliac and sacrotuberous ligaments and the ilium

I: iliotibial track and gluteal tuberosity on femur

Question 11

What are the three important gluteal bursae?

Answer 11

Trochanteric - b/t glut max and greater trochanter

Ischial - b/t ischial tuberosity and skin when sitting

Gluteofemoral - b/t iliotibial track and vastus lateralis

Question 12

What is the origin and insertion of gluteus medius and minimus?

Answer 12

O: postero-lateral surface of ilium

I: lateral surface of greater trochanter

Question 13

What is the innervation of the gluteus medius and minimus?

Answer 13

Superior gluteal n.

Question 14

What functions are mediated by the gluteus medius and minimus?

Answer 14

Abducts and medially rotates the thigh

Question 15

What does the the gluteus medius/minimus do for gait.

Answer 15

Isometric contraction prevents “pelvic drop”

Question 16

What innervates the tensor fascia lata?

Answer 16

Superior gluteal nerve

Question 17

What innervates the piriformis?

Answer 17

L5, S1, and S2

Question 18

What is the origin and insertion of the piriformis?

Answer 18

Question 19

What are the 4 small lateral rotators?

Answer 19

Superior gemellus, obturator internus, inferior gemellus, quadratus femoris

Question 20

Where do all three “hamstring” muscles originate?

Answer 20

Ischial tuberosity (pelvis)

-plus a biceps femoris short head on the femur

Question 21

What is the role of the hamstrings in the movement of the thigh and leg?

Answer 21

Extend thigh, flex leg (not simultaneously)

Question 22

What innervates the “hamstrings”? What is the exception?

Answer 22

The tibial n.

Exception: short head of biceps femoris via common fibular n.

Question 23

What is the order of the hamstrings across the back of the thigh?

Answer 23

Semimembranosus, semitendinosus, and biceps femoris

Question 24

ID these muscles?

Answer 24

1. biceps femoris
2. semimembranosus
3. semitendinosus

Question 25

What muscle runs b/t the superior and inferior gluteal artery?

Answer 25

Piriformis

Question 26

What branches off of the internal iliac feed the gluteal region?

Answer 26

Superior/inferior gluteal artery and internal pudendal

Question 27

Is there a big artery of the posterior thigh?

Answer 27

NO

Question 28

Where do anastomoses b/t internal and external iliac arteries occur?

Answer 28

Inferior gluteal artery branches (internal) and femoral artery branches (external)

These provide generous tributaries to the hip joint

Question 29

What two separate nerves form the sciatic nerve (never exchange fibers)?

Answer 29

Tibial and common fibular n.

Question 30

Which nerve is responsible for the navy blue dermatome?

Answer 30

The posterior femoral cutaneous n. (S1-3)

Question 31

What could an injury to the superior gluteal nerve cause?

Answer 31

Question 32

What two syndromes are associated with injuries to the sciatic nerve?

Answer 32