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AP Psych > 3 Molecules Of Unit 1 > Flashcards

3 Molecules Of Unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Empiricism

A

Knowledge originates in experience and that science should rely on observation ( Bacon & Locke )

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2
Q

Wilhelm Wundt

A

Established the first psychology lab in Germany ( father or psych )

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3
Q

Edward Bradford Titchener

A

Used introspection to search for the mind’s structural elements

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4
Q

Structuralism

A

used introspection to reveal the structure of the human mind

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5
Q

Functionalism

A

Early school of thought ; explores how mental and behavioral processes function

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6
Q

Margaret Floy Washburn

A

First woman to receive psych PHD & studied animal behavior research

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7
Q

William James & Mary Calkins

A

James taught Calkins . He mentored her to become a pioneering researcher & first president of APA

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8
Q

Experimental psychology

A

The study of behavior and thinking using the experimental method

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9
Q

John Watson & Rosalie Rayner

A

Watson championed psych as the science of behavior and demonstrated conditioned responses on a baby ( Little Albert )

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10
Q

Behaviorism

A

Psych should ….

1) Be an objective science
2) studies behavior without reference to mental processes

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11
Q

Humanistic psych

A

We choose most of our behaviors and these choices are guided by physiological emotional & spiritual needs ( free will ) ( Abraham Maslow & carl rogers )

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12
Q

Cognitive neuroscience

A

The study of the brain linked w cognition

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13
Q

Psychology

A

The science of behavior and mental processes

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14
Q

What were the two early schools of psychology ?

A

Structuralism & functionalism

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15
Q

The change of definition of psych

A

The definition of psych went from science of mental life to science of behavior and mental processes

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16
Q

Which philosopher proposed that nerve pathways allowed for reflexes ?

A

Descartes

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17
Q

Who coined their term blank slate to help explain the impact experience has on shaping a person ?

A

Locke

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18
Q

Best description of Wundt first lab

A

Measuring the reaction time bwt hearing a sound pressing a button

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19
Q

Watson would agree w …

A

Psych should focus on observable behavior

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20
Q

Ancient Hebrews , Socrates , Plato , Aristotle pondered..

A

Whether the mind and body are connected or distinct & whether human ideas are innate or result from experience

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21
Q

Important milestones in psych development

A

Wundt first lab in 1879

Two early schools of psych were structuralism & functionalism

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22
Q

Who promoted structuralism ?

A

Wundt & titchner

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23
Q

Who promoted functionalism

A

James

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24
Q

Introspection

A

Looking inward , training ppl to report element s of their experiences

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25
Q

Why didn’t introspection work ?

A

It required smart verbal people
Proved unreliable results that vary from person to person

Structuralism died down

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26
Q

Freudian psychology

A

Emphasized the ways our unconscious thought processes and emotional responses to childhood experiences affect our behavior

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27
Q

Rebellion of second group of psychologists during the 1960s is known as..

A

The cognitive revolution

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28
Q

Behavior

A

Anything a organism does

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29
Q

Mental processes

A

Internal , subjective , experiences we infer from behavior

30
Q

The APA has formed

A

54 divisions

31
Q

Work settings for psychologists include

A

A wide range of government agencies , industrial and businesses settings , clinics , health cares

32
Q

What do psychologists most strongly emphasize that human behavior is powerfully influenced by the interaction of people and their social & political environments

A

Community

33
Q

What do psychologists most likely investigate biologically , psychologically , cognitive , & social changes over time

A

Developmental

34
Q

A psychologist investigates the methods teachers use to enhance learning, what subdield is the psychologist most aligned w

A

Educational psychology

35
Q

Basic research

A

Pure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge base

36
Q

Health psychologist

A

Helping people make good decisions regarding their physical well being

37
Q

Developmental psychology

A

A branch of psychology that studies physical , cognitive , and social change throughout life span

38
Q

Educational psychology

A

The study of how psychological processes affect and can enhance teaching and learning

39
Q

Personality psychology

A

The study of an individual characteristic pattern of thinking feeling and acting

40
Q

Social psychology

A

The scientific study of how we think about , influence and relate to one another

41
Q

Applied research

A

Scientific research that aims to solve practical problems

42
Q

Industrial organizational psychology

A

The application of psychological concepts and methods to optimizing human behavior In workplaces

43
Q

Human factors psychology

A

A subfield that explores how people and machines interact and how machines and physical environments can be made safe and easy to use

44
Q

Counseling psychology

A

A branch that assists people w problems in living and achieving a greater well being

45
Q

Clinical psychology

A

A branch that studies , assesses , and treat people with disorders

46
Q

Psychiatry

A

A branch of medicine to deal w disorders ; practiced by physicians

47
Q

Positive psychology

A

The study of how human functioning , w the goals of discovering and promoting strengths and virtues that help individuals and communities thrive

48
Q

Community psychology

A

That studies how people interact w social environments and how social institutions affect individuals and groups

49
Q

Perspective that addresses how the storing and retrieval of info might alter our thoughts

A

Cognitive

50
Q

Who would most likely study the interaction of people machines and physical environments ?

A

Human factors psychologists

51
Q

Psychiatrists differ from psychologists bc

A

They are medical doctors licensed to prescribe medication

52
Q

A humanistic psychologist working w some poets might ask…

A

How can we get them to reach their highest potential ?

53
Q

Industrial organizational psychologist

A

Plans training sessions , recruits people to work for the company, and implements techniques to boost morale around the office

54
Q

Biopsychology

A

Explain human behavior in terms of biological processes including genes , hormones , brain , drugs

55
Q

Psychometrics

A

The scientific study of the measurement of human abilities , attitudes , and traits

56
Q

Psychodynamic psychology

A

A branch of psychology that studies how unconscious drives and conflicts influence behavior and uses that info to treat people

57
Q

Nature nurture issue

A

Longstanding disagreement over the relative contributions that genes and experience make to the development of psychological traits and behaviors

58
Q

Natural selection

A

The principle that among the range of inherited trait variations , those contributing to reproduction and survival will most likely be passed on

59
Q

Charles Darwin

A

Argued that natural selection shapes behaviors as well as bodies

60
Q

Behavioral perspective

A

The study of observable behavior and explanation by principles of learning ( REWARDS )

61
Q

Biological psychology

A

The study of the links bwt biological and psychological processes

62
Q

Cognitive psychology

A

Explain human behavior ; Terms of how we interpret , process , & remember environmental events

63
Q

Evolutionary psychology

A

The study of evolution of behavior and mind using principles of natural selection

64
Q

Social cultural psychology

A

The study of how situations and culture affect our behaviors & thinking

65
Q

What is psych biggest historic issue ?

A

Nature nuture issue - focuses on the contributions of genes & experience

Darwins view that natural selection shapes behaviors as well as bodies

66
Q

Experimental psychologists

A

Who investigate a variety of basic behavioral processes in humans and animals

67
Q

Forensic psychologists

A

They conduct research on the interface of law and psych , to help create public polices related to mental health

68
Q

Rehabilitation psychologists

A

Work w people who have lost optimal functioning after an accident or illness

69
Q

Psychoanalytic perspective

A

Believe that the unconscious mind controls or our thought & action

70
Q

Evolutionary perspective

A

Examine human behavior in terms of natural selection & survival

Charles Darwin

71
Q

Psychiatry

A

The study of mental disorders & can prescribe medicine

72
Q

G Stanley hall

A

First lab at Hopkins
First American psych journal
Student of Wundt

AP Psych (17 decks)

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