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2 Anatomy > Anatomy of the Lower Limb > Flashcards

Anatomy of the Lower Limb Flashcards

1
Q

what kind of joint is the shoulder

A

saddle

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2
Q

what is the shoulder joint called

A

sternoclavicular

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3
Q

what kind of joint is the elbow

A

hinge joint

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4
Q

which joints are pivot joints?

A

proximal radioulnar joint

distal radioulnar joint

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5
Q

name the only ball and socket joint of the arm

A

radiohumeral joint

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6
Q

name the only joint that keeps the upper limb attached to the body

A

sternoclavicular

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7
Q

name the only 2 muscles that supinate and pronate in the upper arm

A

biceps brachii

supinator

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8
Q

what angle can the thumb rotate to?

A

90 degrees

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9
Q

what digit corresponds to the 1st MCP joint

A

pinky

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10
Q

what would crossing of the radius over the humerus on an x ray indicate?

A

pronated hand

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11
Q

what is the thumb doing in abduction

A

moving away from fingers

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12
Q

what is the thumb doing in extension

A

thumbs up

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13
Q

innervation of trapezius

A

CNXI

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14
Q

innervation of serratus antrior

A

long thoracic nerve

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15
Q

innervation of rhomboid muscles

A

dorsal scapular nerve

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16
Q

what muscle group do the trapezius, serratus anterior and rhomboid major/minor muscles fall under?

A

axio-appendicular muscles

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17
Q

where is the levator scapulae located?

A

neck

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18
Q

name the 4 rotator cuff muscles?

A

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Subscapularis

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19
Q

easy way to remember the rotator cuff muscle attachments?

A 
"SITS" as if holding on to the humerus 
S is index finger
I is middle finger
T is ring finger (all greater tub) 
S is thumb (lesser tub)
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20
Q

where do the rotator cuff muscles hold the humerus?

A

glenoid fossa

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21
Q

3 muscles of anterior compartment

A

biceps brachii
brachialis
coracobrachialis

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22
Q

innervation of anterior compartment of arm

A

musculocutaneous nerve

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23
Q

actions of the muscles of the anterior compartment of arm

A

flexion of arm and forearm

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24
Q

muscles of the posterior compartment of the arm?

A

triceps brachii

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25
Q

innervation of the triceps brachii

A

radial nerve

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26
Q

action of the triceps brachii

A

extension of arm and forearm

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27
Q

how to remember the muscles of the anterior compartment

A

BBC
biceps brachii
brachialis
coracobrachialis

28
Q

name the 3 heads of the triceps

A

medial
lateral
long

29
Q

how to remember the superficial muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm

A

PFPF

place fingers over brachial region

30
Q

name the superficial muscles of the anterior forearm

A

pronator teres
flexor carpi radialis
palmaris longus
flexor carpi ulnaris

31
Q

innervation of the forearm

A

median nerve except flexor carpi ulnaris and medial half of flexor digitorum superficialis

32
Q

muscles of the intermediate layer of the forearm

A

flexor digitorum superficialis

33
Q

muscles of the deep layer of the forearm from lateral to medial

A

flexor pollicis longus
pronator quadrus
flexor digitorum profundus

34
Q

which posterior muscle of the forearm is commonly referred to as the beer drinking muscle

A

brachioradialis

35
Q

name the deep muscles of the forearm from proximal to distal

A 
supinator
adductor pollicis longus
extensor pollicus longus
extensor pollicis brevis
extensor indicis
36
Q

innervations of the deep portion of the forearm

A

radial nerve

37
Q

what should you think of when pollicis is mentioned?

A

thumb

38
Q

where is the thenar eminence found?

A

skin of thumb

39
Q

where is the hypothenar eminence found?

A

skin under pinky

40
Q

muscles of thenar eminence

A

abductor pollicis brevis
flexor pollicis brevis
opponens pollicis

41
Q

innervation of thenar eminence

A

recurrent branch of median nerve

42
Q

what is significant about the innervation of the thenar eminence?

A

it is affected by carpal tunnel syndrome

43
Q

muscles of the hypothenar eminence

A

abductor digiti minimi
flexor digiti minimi brevis
opponens digiti minimi

44
Q

innervation of the hypothenar eminence

A

deep branch of ulnar nerve

45
Q

what action is commonly done using the lumbrical muscles?

A

waving to a child

46
Q

easy way to remember the function of the 2 interossei muscles?

A

DAB PAD
dorsal interossei- abduction
palmar interossei- adduction

47
Q

what innervates the lumbricals

A

median nerve

48
Q

where does the brachial plexus originate?

A

anterior rami of C5-T1

49
Q

where does the brachial plexus go?

A

axilla to medial arm

50
Q

name the branching of nerves of the brachial plexus from proximal to distal

A 
root
trunks
divisions
cords
nerves
51
Q

good way to remember branching of nerves in the brachial plexus?

A 
Really - root
Tired - trunk 
Drink
Coffee
Now
52
Q

name the 3 different trunks of the brachial plexus

A

superior
middle
inferior

53
Q

what makes up the superior trunk of the brachial plexus

A

roots of C5 and C6

54
Q

what makes up the middle trunk of the brachial plexus

A

root of C7 only

55
Q

what makes up the inferior trunk of the brachial plexus

A

root of C8 and T1

56
Q

what are the 2 different forms of divisions of the brachial plexus

A

anterior

posterior

57
Q

what makes up the lateral cord of the brachial plexus

A

anterior cords divisions of the superior and middle trunks

58
Q

what makes up the posterior cord of the brachial plexus

A

posterior divisions of the superior, middle and inferior trunks

59
Q

what makes up the medial cord of the brachial plexus

A

anterior division of the inferior trunks

60
Q

what cord makes up the ulnar nerve?

A

medial cord

61
Q

what cords make up the median nerve

A

lateral and medial cord

62
Q

what cords make up the radial nerve

A

posterior cord

63
Q

what cords make up the axillary nerve

A

posterior cord

64
Q

what cord makes up the musculocutaneous nerve

A

lateral

65
Q

what is a dermatome

A

an area of skin supplied by a single spinal nerve

66
Q

what digits are numb in carpal tunnel

A

1, 2, 3, lateral half of 4

2 Anatomy (28 decks)

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