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Abi Biology 2017 > The Five Kingdoms > Flashcards

The Five Kingdoms Flashcards

1
Q

What are the five kingdoms of organisms?

A 
Monera
Protista 
Fungi
Plantae 
Animalia
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2
Q

What kinds of organisms fall under the Monera kingdom?

A

Bacteria

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3
Q

What is the body structure of organisms in the monera kingdom?

A

Unicellular
Simple
Some like to group together in colonies

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4
Q

What is the cell structure of the monera kingdom?

A

Prokaryotic

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5
Q

What is the composition of the cell wall in the monera kingdom?

A

They have a cell wal

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6
Q

What is the mode of nutrition in the monera kingdom?

A

Some bacteria are autotrophic and perform photosynthesis

Most are heterotrophic

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7
Q

What kinds of heterotrophs are bacteria?

A

There are three types of heterotrophic bacteria

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8
Q

What are the three types of heterotrophic bacteria?

A

Parasitic
Saprophytic
Mutualistic

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9
Q

What are parasitic bacteria?

A

They are dependent on living organisms for food
They live in symbiosis with another organism
The one benefits and the other is harmed

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10
Q

What is symbiosis?

A

When two organisms live together

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11
Q

What are saprophytic bacteria?

A

Bacteria that are dependent on dead organic matter for food

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12
Q

What are mutualistic bacteria?

A

Bacteria live in symbiosis, but both organisms benefit

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13
Q

What kind of reproduction occurs in the monera kingdom?

A

Asexual reproduction through binary fission

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14
Q

What is binary fission?

A

It is where a single cell divides into two cells of identical DNA composition

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15
Q

What are the three types of Protista?

A

Protozoa
Algae
Slime and water moulds

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16
Q

What are the Protozoa like?

A

They are animal-like
Unicellular
Heterotrophic

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17
Q

What are the algae like?

A

Plant-like
Autotrophic - they have chlorophyll and can photosynthesise
Multicellular

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18
Q

What are the slime and water moulds like?

A

They are fungus-like organisms

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19
Q

What are protists?

A

Living organisms that are classified under the kingdom Protista

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20
Q

What is the body structure of protists like?

A

Some are unicellular and microscopic

Some are multicellular and visible to the naked eye

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21
Q

What is the cell structure of protists like?

A

All protists are eukaryotic

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22
Q

What is the motility of protists like?

A

They move by means of flagella, cilia and cyclosis

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23
Q

What is the mode of nutrition of protists?

A

Algae are autotrophic

The rest are heterotrophic

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24
Q

What is the reproduction method of protists?

A 
Mostly asexual (binary fission)
Some algae produce sexually
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25
Q

What kind of environment do protists live in?

A

They are mostly aquatic

They prefer moist environments

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26
Q

What are the three groups in the Fungi kingdom?

A

Yeast
Mushrooms
Moulds

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27
Q

What is the body structure of fungi?

A

Yeast are unicellular

The rest are multicellular

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28
Q

What is the cell structure of fungi?

A

Eukaryotic

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29
Q

What is the composition of the cell walls in fungi?

A

They have cell walls

The walls contain cellulose and chitin

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30
Q

What is the structure of fungi?

A

The fungal body consists of a mass of branched filaments hyphae

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31
Q

What is the mode of nutrition of the fungi kingdom?

A

Heterotrophic

They have no chlorophyll

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32
Q

What kinds of heterotrophs are fungi?

A

Most are saprophytes
Some are parasites
Some live mutualistically

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33
Q

Give examples of saprophytic fungi

A

Bread mould

Mushrooms

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34
Q

Give an example of a parasitic fungus

A

The fungus that causes athlete’s foot

35
Q

What kind of reproduction occurs in the fungi kingdom?

A

Depends on what kind of fungus it is

36
Q

What mode of reproduction do unicellular fungi use?

A

Asexual through binary fission

37
Q

What kind of reproduction do multicellular fungi use?

A

Asexual (spores) during favourable conditions

Sexual (gametes) during unfavourable conditions

38
Q

What are the four divisions in the kingdom plantae?

A

Bryophyte
Pteridophyte
Gymnosperm
Angiosperms

39
Q

What are bryophytes?

A

The simplest of the plants
Mosses
Liverworts
Hornworts

40
Q

What are pteridophytes?

A

Ferns

41
Q

What are gymnosperms?

A

Seed-bearing non-flowering plants

42
Q

Give examples of gymnosperms

A

Conifers
Cycads
Gnetales
Ginkgo

43
Q

What are angiosperms?

A

Seed-bearing flowering plants

44
Q

What is the body structure of the kingdom plantae?

A

Multicellular

Complex

45
Q

What is the cell structure of the kingdom plantae?

A

Eukaryotic

46
Q

What is the composition of the cell walls in the kingdom plantae?

A

Have cell walls

Made of cellulose

47
Q

What is the mode of nutrition of the kingdom plantae?

A

Autotrophic

48
Q

What kind of reproduction occurs in the kingdom plantae?

A

Asexual (spores)

Sexual (male and female gametes)

49
Q

How is the kingdom animalia divided?

A

Into phyla

50
Q

How many phyla are there?

A

35

51
Q

What are the nine most important phyla?

A 
Porifera
Cnidaria
Platyhelminthes 
Nematoda
Annelida
Mollusca
Echinodermata
Arthropoda
Chordata
52
Q

What is radial symmetry?

A

Symmetry on any vertical plane

53
Q

What is bilateral symmetry?

A

Symmetry on only one plane

54
Q

What are the characteristics of Porifera?

A

Thick sack of cells

No vertebral column

55
Q

What kind of symmetry is present in Cnidaria?

A

Radial

56
Q

What are the characteristic of Cnidaria?

A

Stinging cells

Single digestive opening

57
Q

What is an example of Porifera?

A

Sea sponges

58
Q

What are examples of Cnidaria?

A

Jelly fish
Blue bottles
Corals
Sea anemone

59
Q

What kind of symmetry do Platyhelminthes have?

A

Bilateral

60
Q

What are the characteristic of Platyhelminthes?

A

Flat

One digestive opening

61
Q

What are examples of Platyhelminthes?

A

Flatworms: planaria, bilharzia worm, tapeworm

62
Q

What kind of symmetry do Nematoda have?

A

Nematoda

63
Q

What are the characteristics of Nematoda?

A

Round worms

One digestive opening

64
Q

Give an example of a Nematoda

A

Hookworm

65
Q

What kind of symmetry do Annelida have?

A

Bilateral

66
Q

What are the characteristics of Annelida?

A

Have two digestive openings

Segmented worm

67
Q

What are examples of Annelida?

A

Earthworm
Sea worms
Leeches

68
Q

What kind of symmetry do mollusca have?

A

Bilateral

69
Q

What are the characteristics of mollusca?

A

Soft body

Two digestive openings

70
Q

What are examples of mollusca?

A

Snail
Octopus
Oyster
Mussel

71
Q

What are the characteristics of Echinodermata?

A

Spiny, leathery skin

72
Q

What are examples of Echinodermata?

A

Starfish

Sea urchin

73
Q

What kind of symmetry do Arthropoda have?

A

Bilateral

74
Q

What are the characteristics of Arthropoda?

A

Exoskeleton

Two digestive openings

75
Q

What are examples of Arthropoda?

A 
Insects
Spiders
Crustaceans
Myriapoda
Centipedes
76
Q

What kind of symmetry do Chordata have?

A

Bilateral

77
Q

What are the characteristics of Chordata?

A

They have a vertebral column

They have an endoskeleton

78
Q

What are examples of Chordata?

A 
Fish
Amphibians
Reptiles
Birds
Mammals
79
Q

What is the body structure of the kingdom animalia?

A

Multicellular

Complex

80
Q

What is the cell structure of the kingdom animalia?

A

Eukaryotic

81
Q

What is the cell wall composition of the kingdom animalia?

A

They have no cell walls

82
Q

What is the mode of nutrition of the kingdom animalia?

A

Heterotrophic

83
Q

What kind of reproduction is used by the kingdom animalia?

A 
Mostly sexual (male and female gametes)
Sometimes asexual

Abi Biology 2017 (57 decks)

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