Final review

Question 1

social component

Answer 1

using sociological imagination, application to life, understand the importance of structure

Question 2

when trying to explain the social world

Answer 2

understand the importance of moving beyond the individual

Question 3

meaning of “social”

Answer 3

social architecture (structure), culture, groups, organizations

Question 4

macro level and

Answer 4

micro level are interconnected

Question 5

human behaviors are impacted by

Answer 5

societal structures

Question 6

developing a sociological imagination that sees beyond

Answer 6

the obvious- which is sometimes wrong

Question 7

people don’t join cults because of

Answer 7

theology/idealogy

Question 8

conversion to cults was connected to

Answer 8

network ties

Question 9

conversion linked with

Answer 9

conformity and friendships

Question 10

sociology is not

Answer 10

just a collection of opinions

Question 11

sociologists systematically

Answer 11

collect and analyze data

Question 12

sociology operates like other sciences

Answer 12

but makes allowance that our subjects are people groups

Question 13

theory construction

Answer 13

wonder, conceptualize, theorize

Question 14

theory testing

Answer 14

operationalize, hypothesize, observe, analyze, assess

Question 15

complex and critical thinking

Answer 15

the ability to not just accept beliefs or ideas just because they were raised to think a certain way

Question 16

working class parents

Answer 16

wanted children to conform to expectations of others

Question 17

middle class parents

Answer 17

wanted children to be self expressive and independent

Question 18

relating social stratification

Answer 18

and social structures

Question 19

connect how opportunities are

Answer 19

enhanced or constrained by previous life experience (family, neighborhood, race, gender, social class)

Question 20

inequality is about

Answer 20

power

Question 21

prejudice will decrease if two groups

Answer 21

of equal status have contact

Question 22

prejudice will remain high if it

Answer 22

occurs under conditions of inequality

Question 23

contact between groups overcomes prejudice

Answer 23

only when people meet on equal terms to cooperate in pursuing common goals

Question 24

sense of sociology as a field

Answer 24

know the basics for future study

Question 25

important sociologists

Answer 25

marx, weber, durkheim

Question 26

foundational theories

Answer 26

conflict theory, structural functionalism, symbolic interactionism

Question 27

marx

Answer 27

critique of capitalism and concept of class

Question 28

weber

Answer 28

bureaucracy, protestant ethic

Question 29

durkheim

Answer 29

study of suicide, sociology as a science

Question 30

who was the first sociologist

Answer 30

durkheim, science of social structure

Question 31

conflict theory

Answer 31

explains social structures in terms of conflict between classes and status groups

Question 32

structural funcitonalism

Answer 32

explains social structures in terms of their functions in society and their impact on other parts of the system

Question 33

symbolic interactionism

Answer 33

focus on how people act and how humans act according to meaning they give to things and to situations

Question 34

functionalist theory on immigration

Answer 34

focus on how illegal immigrants preform a function for society by providing businesses with cheap, manual labor

Question 35

conflict theory on immigration

Answer 35

focus on inequality between the elite businesses and illegal laborers and the resulting exploitation

Question 36

interactionist theory on immigration

Answer 36

focus on how workers are treated, their social networks, their assimilation into society

Question 37

what we take for granted as “natural”

Answer 37

is often socially constructed

Question 38

social construction of race

Answer 38

process by which people come to define a group as a race based in part on physical characteristics but also on historical, cultural, and economic factors

Question 39

hypo descent

Answer 39

children whose parents are from different groups are automatically put into minority group

Question 40

sociology vs psychology

Answer 40

psychology focuses on internal, individual; sociology focuses on what goes on between people and groups

Question 41

sociology vs economics

Answer 41

economics is focused on commercial exchange; sociology examines other exchanges

Question 42

sociology vs anthropology

Answer 42

anthro studies primarily preindustrial, early human groups; socio studies post industrial societies. Both study culture

Question 43

sociology vs criminology

Answer 43

criminology specializes in illegal behavior; socio looks at all human behavior

Question 44

sociology vs political science

Answer 44

PS looks at political activity; socio looks at all organizations

Question 45

to apply sociology to every day life

Answer 45

watch news and apply sociology

Question 46

importance of social institutions

Answer 46

family, economics, politics, etc

Question 47

social facts are

Answer 47

real things and affect human behavior

Question 48

aspects of the natural systems approach

Answer 48

goal displacement, goal conflict, informal relationships

Question 49

functional specialization

Answer 49

specialize into divisions and specialize tasks

Question 50

clear lines of

Answer 50

hierarchy and authority

Question 51

decisions based on

Answer 51

rational rules, aimed at effectively achieving goals

Question 52

activities conducted in

Answer 52

writing, record keeping

Question 53

appointment of managers based on

Answer 53

merit

Question 54

expert training of

Answer 54

managers

Question 55

goal displacement

Answer 55

when an organizations survival is threatened, stated goals may be replaced

Question 56

goal conflict

Answer 56

the members of an organization may not ascribe to the same goals

Question 57

informal relations

Answer 57

persons may be able to utilize an informal network to circumvent the chain of demand