2.3 Translation (PS) Flashcards
What happens during translation?
Amino acids are joined to make a polypeptide chain, following the sequence of codons given by the mRNA
Where does translation occur?
At the ribosomes in the cytoplasm
What happens to the amino acids in the cytoplasm?
They become attached to a tRNA molecule
Where is tRNA found?
In the cytoplasm
What is the structure of tRNA?
- clover like shape
- amino acid binding site at one end
- sequence of 3 bases at one end
What are the 3 bases on tRNA called?
The anticodon
What does tRNA do?
It carries the amino acids to the ribosome during translation
What is the anticodon on the tRNA complimentary to?
The codons on the mRNA molecule
What does the mRNA do once in the cytoplasm?
Attaches itself to a ribosome
What does tRNA do once mRNA has attached itself to a ribosome?
Carries the amino acids to the ribosome for translation
What does the first tRNA molecule that attaches itself have?
An anticodon complimentary to the start codon on the mRNA
What do the tRNA molecules attach themselves to the mRNA by?
Complimentary base pairing
What does rRNA in the ribosome do as tRNA molecules begin attaching?
Catalysed the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids on the tRNA joining them together
What is rRNA?
Ribosomal RNA
What does rRNA form?
The two subunits of a ribosome
