4.2 kingdoms & classifications

Question 1

traditionally what 2 groups were all living things grouped into?

Answer 1

plants and animals

Question 2

what became apparent regarding the 2 groups as living things were studied in greater detail?

Answer 2

not all organism fit as plants or animals

Question 3

what are the 5 kingdoms?

Answer 3

Prokaryotae
Protoctista
Fungi
Plantae
Animalia

Question 4

what type of organisms are prokaryotae?

Answer 4

bacteria

Question 5

what type of organisms are protoctista?

Answer 5

unicellular eukaryotes

Question 6

what type of organisms are fungi?

Answer 6

yeast
moulds
mushrooms

Question 7

what type of organisms are plantae?

Answer 7

plants

Question 8

what type of organisms are animalia?

Answer 8

animals

Question 9

what are some features of prokaryotes?

Answer 9

unicellular
no nucleus
no visible feeding mechanism

Question 10

what are some features of protoctista?

Answer 10

eukaryotes
unicellular
nucleus
chloroplasts

Question 11

what are some features of fungi?

Answer 11

heterotrophic eukaryotes
rigid chitin cell wall
multi nucleated cytoplasm

Question 12

what are some features of plantae?

Answer 12

multicellular eukaryotes
photosynthetic
cellulose cell wall
autotrophic nutrition (make own food)

Question 13

what are some features of animalia?

Answer 13

heterotrophic
multicellular eukaryotes
heterotrophic nutrition
fertilised eggs

Question 14

prior to classification systems what were organism named according to? (Example)

Answer 14

physical characteristics

e.g. black bird

Question 15

why was it not useful to classify organisms based upon physical characteristics?

Answer 15

animals could have multiple names which could differ according to languages

Question 16

names based on physical characteristics also fail to provide what information?

Answer 16

info about the evolutionary relationships between animals

Question 17

what did Swedish Botanist Carl Linnaeus develop?

Answer 17

the binominal naming system

Question 18

what are the 8 classifications in the naming system?

Answer 18

domain
kingdom
phylum
class
order
family
genus
species

Question 19

how are humans classified?

Answer 19

D - eukarya
K - Animalia
P - Chordata
C - mammalia
O - primates
F - Hominidae
G - homo
S - sapiens

Question 20

why did Linnaeus create the binominal naming system?

Answer 20

so scientists everywhere could use the same names

Question 21

in the binominal naming system no two species have what?

Answer 21

the same name

Question 22

what is the first name in binominal classification?

Answer 22

the generic name

Question 23

what does the generic name tell us?

Answer 23

the genus to which the organism belongs

Question 24

what is the second name in binominal classification?

Answer 24

the specific name

Question 25

what does the specific name indicate?

Answer 25

the organisms species

Question 26

how are names written?

Answer 26

lowercase italics with the first letter of the genus name uppercase

Question 27

what is the binominal name of a dog?

Answer 27

canis familaris

Question 28

why do scientists classify animals?

Answer 28

to identify species
to predict characteristics
find evolutionary links

Question 29

what is the smallest unit of classification?

Answer 29

species

Question 30

what is a species?

Answer 30

a group of organisms that are able to reproduce to produce fertile offspring