Lecture 11

Question 1

What is marginal marine?

Answer 1

lies along the boundary between the continent and open marine, and is influenced by river, waves, and tides.

Question 2

What are deltas, estuaries, beaches, tidal flats?

Answer 2

marginal marine

Question 3

What is marine?

Answer 3

Depositional setting between the shore and the abyssal plain that is inundated by seawater.

Question 4

What are shallow marine, deep marine, reefs?

Answer 4

marine

Question 5

What can coastlines be classified according to?

Answer 5

• wave dominated

- tide dominated

Question 6

True or False: Most coastlines are dominated by waves or total processes. But in reality, both play a role in formation of coastal environments.

Answer 6

True

Question 7

Where do waves derive their energy and motion from?

Answer 7

wind

Question 8

___-generated waves transfer energy to shorelines.

Answer 8

wind

Question 9

What is wave base?

Answer 9

Circular motion rapidly diminishes beneath the surface to depth ~ 1/2 wavelength

Question 10

Wha are the two types of wave base?

Answer 10

• storm weather wave base

- fair weather wave base

Question 11

Daily___changes of ocean surface.

Answer 11

elevation

Question 12

What are causes of the daily elevation changes of ocean surface?

Answer 12

• today bulges are caused by the pull of gravity and the equal and opposite force of inertia

Question 13

Where is the pull of gravity greater?

Answer 13

Pull is slightly greater on the near side of Earth to the moon than the far side

Question 14

How many high and low tides per 24 hours.

Answer 14

two high and low tides

Question 15

What results in the flow of water during rise and fall of the tide?

Answer 15

tidal currents

Question 16

What are the 3 types of tidal current/movement?

Answer 16

1) flood current
2) ebb current
3) slack water

Question 17

What is flood current?

Answer 17

incoming tide to coast

Question 18

What is ebb current?

Answer 18

seaward-moving as tide falls

Question 19

What is slack water?

Answer 19

periods of little or no current between tide movement

Question 20

What are tidal flats?

Answer 20

Areas affected by tidal currents

Question 21

What are the 3 types of tidal flats?

Answer 21

1) supra tidal
2) intertidal
3) subtidal

Question 22

What is supra tidal?

Answer 22

regional love high tide

Question 23

What is intertidal?

Answer 23

Region between high and low tide

Question 24

What is subtotal?

Answer 24

Region extending below low tide

Question 25

What makes up much of the shorelines?

Answer 25

barrier-island lagoon complex

Question 26

What is barrier-island lagoon complex?

Answer 26

Defined as a large sand bar oriented parallel to the mainland that protects the coast from the full force of waves.

Question 27

What is known as a ‘lagoon’?

Answer 27

Protected marine waters between the barrier island and the mainland is known as a lagoon.

Question 28

What does “coastlines are transitory’ mean?

Answer 28

They move towards the ocean or the continent due to a number of facts.

Question 29

What are the factors that lead to transitory coastlines?

Answer 29

• progradation/retrogradation
• tectonics
• isostasy
• eustacy

Question 30

What are the two possible outcomes resulting from factors leading to transitory coastlines?

Answer 30

1) Transgression

2) Regression

Question 31

What is transgression?

Answer 31

A rise in relative sea level, resulting in the shorelines moving inland, towards the continent

Question 32

What results in retrogradational stacking of depositional environments?

Answer 32

transgression

Question 33

What is regression?

Answer 33

A fall in relative sea level, resulting in a basinward (seaward) migration of the shoreline.

Question 34

What results in progradational stacking?

Answer 34

regression