Chapter 18

Question 1

A major national political party in India——also known as the Indian national congress.

Answer 1

Congress Party

Question 2

An organization formed in 1906 to protect the interests of India’s Muslims, which later proposed that India be divided into separate Muslim and Hindu nations.

Answer 2

Muslim League

Question 3

Had once been a member of the Congress party. However he later insisted that only the league spoke for Muslims.

Answer 3

Muhammad Ali Jinnah

Question 4

Was the last viceroy of India. He feared that the Hindus and Muslims of India would never be able to live together in peace.

Answer 4

Lord Louis Mountbatten

Question 5

A division into parts, like the 1947 division of the British colony of India into the two nations of India and Pakistan.

Answer 5

Partition

Question 6

Independent Indians first prime minister, addressed the constitution assembly.

Answer 6

Jawaharlal Nehru

Question 7

In 1966, Nehru’s daughter ______ was chosen prime minister.

Answer 7

Indira Gandhi

Question 8

He immediately called for a new election, he won by the largest majority of any of the Nehru-Gandhi family.

Answer 8

Rajiv Gandhi

Question 9

Was twice elected prime minister. After months of disorder, she was removed from office in 1996.

Answer 9

Benazir Bhutto

Question 10

Was elected president of the Philippines in 1965. The country suffered under his rule from 1966-1986.

Answer 10

Ferdinand Marcos

Question 11

In elections of 1986, Marco ran against Aquino’s widow ______. She won decís, but Marco refused to acknowledge her victory.

Answer 11

Corazón Aquino

Question 12

The Burmese nationalists army led by _____, at first cooperated with the Japanese in order to drive the British out of Burma.

Answer 12

Aung San

Question 13

In 1988 _____, the daughter of Aung San, returned to Burma after many years abroad. She became active in the newly formed national league for democracy.

Answer 13

Aung San Suu Kyi

Question 14

Known only by his one name. He was leader of the Indonesian Independence movement.

Answer 14

Sukarno

Question 15

In 1965, a group of junior army officers attempted a coup, which was suppressed by a general named _____. He then seized power for himself, he blamed the coup on Indonesia communists.

Answer 15

Suharto

Question 16

A movement in which French-speaking Africans and West Indians celebrated their heritage of traditional African culture and values.

Answer 16

Negritude movement

Question 17

The leader of their largely nonviolent protests was _____. He was a former teacher who had spent several years studying in the United States.

Answer 17

Kwame Nkrumah

Question 18

One was the strong leadership of Kenyan Nationalist_____, a kikuyu educated in London.

Answer 18

Jomo Kenyatta

Question 19

The second was the rise of the _____. This was a secret society made up of mostly of kikuyu farmers forced out of the highlands by the British.

Answer 19

Mau Mau

Question 20

A coup led by an army officer, colonel Joseph montuna, later known as _____, overthrew lumumba and turned himself over to his enemy.

Answer 20

Mobutu Sese Seko

Question 21

The national liberation front—an Algerian group that waged a guerrilla struggle for independence from France.

Answer 21

FLN

Question 22

A leader of the FLN who had been imprisoned by the French, was named first prime minister (1962-1963) and first president (1963-1965).

Answer 22

Ahmed Ben Bella

Question 23

A statement that the British government supported the establishment of a Jewish national homeland in Palestine, made in a 1917 letter by British foreign secretary sir Arthur Balfour.

Answer 23

Balfour Declaration

Question 24

An international crisis that occurred after Egypt seized control of the Suez Cana, in 1956, when Israel, with the support of Britain and France, invaded Egypt and marched toward the canal but withdrew under pressure from the United states and the Soviet Union.

Answer 24

Suez Crisis

Question 25

A brief 1967 conflict between Israel and several Arab states, during which Israel took control of Jerusalem, the Sinai Peninsula, the golden heights, and the West Bank.

Answer 25

Six-Day War

Question 26

Egyptian President _____, planned a joint Arab attack on the date of Yom Kippur, the holiest of Jewish holidays.

Answer 26

Anwar Sadat

Question 27

The Israelis, under the prime minister ____ launched a counterattack and regained most of the lost territory.

Answer 27

Golda Meir

Question 28

In 1978, carter invited Sadat and Israeli prime minister ______ to camp David, the presidential retreat in rural Maryland.

Answer 28

Menachem Begin

Question 29

The first signed agreement between Israel and an Arab country, in which Egyptian President Anwar Sadat recognized Israel as a legitimate state and Israeli prime minister Menachem Begin agreed to return the Sinai Peninsula to Egypt.

Answer 29

Camp David Accords

Question 30

Egypt’s new leader, ______, maintained peace with Israel.

Answer 30

Hosni Mubarak

Question 31

The Palestine Liberation Organization—An Organization dedicated to the establishment of an independent state for Palestinians in the Middle East.

Answer 31

PLO