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Upper Extremities Flashcards

(89 cards)

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1
Q

What 4 components make up the shoulder region?

A
  • pectoral region
  • scapular region
  • deltoid region
  • part of lateral neck
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2
Q

What 4 components make up the upper extremity regions?

A

shoulder, arm, forearm, and hand

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3
Q

What attaches to the conoid tubercle?

A

shoulder attachment

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4
Q

For the clavicle, the acromial end is found on (medial/lateral) side and the sternal end is found on the (medial/lateral) side.

A

acromial end-lateral

sternal end-medial

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5
Q

What are the 3 borders of the scapula?

A

superior-scapular spine
medial-vertebral border
lateral-axillary border

*inferior angle is where medial and lateral border come together

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6
Q

The humeral head articulates with which portion of scapula?

A

glenoid fossa

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7
Q

Deltoid tuberosity is on the (anterior/posterior) side of humerus and radial groove is on the (anterior/posterior) side.

A

deltoid tuberosity-anterior

radial groove-posterior

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8
Q

What are the two articular surfaces of the distal humerus?

A

capitulum (lateral)-articulate with radius

trochlea (medial)-articulate with ulna

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9
Q

(Radius/ulna) longer proximally and (radius/ulna) longer distally.

A

radius-longer distally

ulna-longer proximally

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10
Q

Ulna and radius are joined together by which membrane?

A

interosseous membrane

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11
Q

Of the carpal bones, the proximal row approximates with (X) and distal row approximates with (Y).

A

proximal row-radius

distal row-metacarpals

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12
Q

What carpal bones are found on proximal row?

A

(lateral to medial) Scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform

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13
Q

What carpal bones are found on distal row?

A

(medial to lateral) Hammate, capitate, trapezoid, trapezium

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14
Q

All muscles that have an action on upper extremity are innervated by nerves from which plexus?

A

brachial plexus (C5-T1)

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15
Q

(T/F) Each nerve can contain fibers from more than one spinal cord segment.

A

True

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16
Q

Which nerve from brachial plexus innervates the dorsal and medial scapula?

A

supraclavicular branches

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17
Q

Which nerve from brachial plexus innervates the pectoral region and ventral scapula?

A

infraclavicular branches

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18
Q

The axillary nerve from the brachial plexus innervates which body part?

A

proximal arm

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19
Q

The radial nerve from the brachial plexus innervates which body parts?

A

posterior arm and posterior forearm

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20
Q

Which nerve from brachial plexus innervates the anterior arm?

A

musculocutaneous nerve

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21
Q

Which nerve from brachial plexus innervates anterior forearm to a greater extent than the hand?

A

median nerve

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22
Q

Which nerve from brachial plexus innervates the hand to a greater extent than anterior forearm?

A

ulnar nerve

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23
Q

Where does the axillary artery (continuous with subclavian artery) begin and end?

A

begins-lateral border of 1st rib and ends at inferior border of teres major

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24
Q

Where does the brachial artery (continuous with axillary artery) begin?

A

inferior border of teres major

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25
Which deep artery of the arm is major branch from brachial artery?
brachial profunda artery
26
At level of elbow, the brachial artery divides into which two arteries?
radial and ulnar artery
27
Ulnar artery and radial artery both continue into hand and are the main supply to what regions?
ulnar-superficial palmar arch | radial-deep palmar arch
28
Dorsal venous network of the palmar arches comprises which two veins?
cephalic vein-lateral side | basilic vein-medial side
29
Which vein is the communication between basilic and cephalic veins in cubital fossa?
medial cubital vein
30
The basilic and cephalic veins ultimately drain into which vein?
axillary vein
31
Where is the axillary vein formed?
inferior border of teres major muscle
32
axillary vein is formed by the union of which two veins?
brachial and basilic vein
33
What are the 4 joints of the shoulder complex?
- sternoclavicular - acromioclavicular - glenohumeral - scapulothoracic
34
What type of joint is each: - sternoclavicular - acromioclavicular - glenohumeral - scapulothoracic
SC-saddle synovial joint AC-plane type synovial joint GH-ball & socket joint ST-physiologic joint
35
Which shoulder joint articulates with sternal end of clavicle and manubrium of sterum?
sternoclavicular joint
36
Which shoulder joint articulates the acromial end of clavicle and acromion process of scapula?
acromioclavicular joint
37
Which shoulder joint articualtes the humeral head and glenoid fossa?
glenohumeral joint
38
Which two joints contribute to scapulohumeral rhythm?
glenohumeral joint and scapulothoracic joint
39
For shoulder abduction, from 0-30 degrees, abduction is by which joint? And from 30-180 degrees?
0-30: abduction at glenohumeral joint | 30-180: 2:1 GH/ST movement
40
Trapezius muscles are innervated by which nerve?
CN XI
41
Latissimus dorsi muscles are innervated by which nerve?
thoracodorsal nerve
42
Levator scapulae muscles are innervated by which nerve?
dorsal scapular nerve
43
Rhomboid minor and major muscles are innervated by which nerve?
dorsal scapular nerve
44
What are the boundaries of the triangle of auscultation?
latissimus dorsi, trapezius, and medial border of scapula
45
What are the anterior extrinsic muscles of the shoulder?
pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, serratus anterior, and subclavius
46
Which muscle has attachments to clavicular head, sternocostal head, and intertubercular groove of humerus?
pectoralis major
47
The pectoralis major is innervated by which nerve?
lateral and medial pectoral nerves
48
Pectoralis minor is innervated by which nerve?
medial pectoral nerve
49
Serratus anterior is innervated by which nerve?
long thoracic nerve
50
Coracobrachialis is innervated by which nerve?
musculocutaneous nerve
51
Deltoid muscles are innervated by which nerve?
axillary nerve
52
Teres major muscle is innervated by which nerve?
lower subscapular nerve
53
Which muscles comprise the rotator cuff?
- supraspinatus - infraspinatus - teres minor - subscapularis
54
Supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles are innervated by which nerves?
suprascapular nerve
55
Teres minor is innervated by which nerve?
axillary nerve
56
Subscapularis muscle is innervated by which nerves?
upper subscapular nerve and lower subscapular nerve
57
How do the rotator cuff muscles contribute to GH stability?
muscles important in maintaining humerus centered within glenoid fossa
58
What are the 4 articulations of the elbow?
- humeroulnar - humeroradial - proximal radioulnar - distal radioulnar
59
Which ligament holds head of radius against ulna and protects against distal dislocation of radius?
annular ligament
60
Which ligament protects against medial deviation of forearm?
lateral collateral ligament
61
Which ligament protects against lateral deviation of forearm?
medial collateral ligament
62
The biceps brachii and brachialis are innervated by which nerve?
musculocutaneous nerve
63
The triceps brachii, anconeus, and brachioradialis are innervated by which nerve?
radial nerve
64
The supinator muscle is innervated by which nerve?
radial nerve
65
The biceps brachii is innervated by which nerve?
musculocutaneous nerve
66
The pronator teres is innervated by which nerve?
median nerve
67
The pronator quadratus is innervated by which nerve?
median nerve
68
Radiocarpal articulations are what type of joints?
condyloid type
69
Midcarpal articulations are what type of joints?
plane synovial joint
70
Distal radioulnar joints are what type of joints?
pivot synovial joint
71
What type of displacement occurs in Colles Fracture?
dorsal displacement of distal fragment
72
What are the stabilizing ligaments of the wrist?
extensor and flexor retinaculum
73
Carpal tunnel is formed by which type of retinaculum?
flexor retinaculum
74
Wrist extensors are innervated by which nerve?
radial nerve
75
Repeated forceful flexion and extension of the wrist may strain attachment of common extensor tendon producing inflammation of periosteum of which muscle?
lateral epicondyle (lateral epicondylitis)
76
Wrist flexors are innervated by which nerves?
median and ulnar nerve
77
Which muscle tenses fascia of palm and what nerve innervates it?
palmaris longus innervated by median nerve
78
Wrist abduction is (radial/ulnar) deviation and wrist adduction is (radial/ulnar) deviation.
abduction-radial deviation | adduction-ulnar deviation
79
Flexor digitorum superficialis muscles are innervated by which nerves?
medial and ulnar
80
Flexor digitorum profundus muscles are innervated by which nerves?
ulnar nerve
81
Carpal tunnel contains extrinsic tendons of extrinsic digit flexors as well as the main branch of which nerve?
median nerve
82
What are the three digit extensors for digits 2-5 and which nerve are they innervated by?
- extensor digitorum - extensor indicis proprius - extensor digiti minimi * all innervated by radial nerve
83
What are the three digit extensors for the thumb?
- flexor pollicis longus - extensor pollicis longus and brevis - abductor pollicis longus
84
What are the borders of the anatomical snuff box?
- extensor pollicis brevis - abductor pollicis longus - extensor pollicis longus
85
Of the intrinsic hand muscles, the hypothenar group is innervated by (x nerve) and then thenar group is innervated by (y nerve).
hypothenar group-ulnar nerve | thenar group-median nerve
86
The lumbrical muscles are innervated by which nerves?
median and ulnar nerve
87
the dorsal and palmar interossei muscles are innervated by which nerve?
ulnar nerve
88
Dorsal interossei has (abduction/adduction) and the palmar has (abduction/adduction).
dorsal-abduction | palmar-adduction
89
Which 3 nerves supply the skin of the hand?
- ulnar - median - radial

HBS (13 decks)

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