Urolithiasis Flashcards
What is the most common crystal found in animals?
Ca oxalate
T/F: Crystalluria means that the urine has been supersaterated
TRUE
What are the crystals that typically show on radiographs vs. the ones that go unseen?
Radiopaque/Radiodense: Struvite/Ca oxalate
Radiolucent: Urate & Cystine
What can be attempted in a female dog to remove a urolith from the urethra?
Hydropulpolsion
What is another name for struvite?
Magnesium ammonium phosphate hexahydrate
What breeds are commonly associated with struvite crystals?
Shih tzu, miniature schnauzer, miniature poodle, lhasa apso, bishons, cocker spaniels
What pH predisposes a patient to struvite formation?
Alkaline pH- want to use an acidifying diet to help resolve this problem
What are the struvite crystal characteristics?
Big, smooth and radiodense
What is the treatment used for a patient that has struvite crystals?
Hills S/D- this will acidify the urine and dilute the urine
What are the characteristics of Ca oxalate crystals?
Radio-opaque and small
What breeds are commonly associated with Ca oxalate crystals?
Miniature schnauzer, lhasa apso, miniature poodle, yorkshire terrier, shih tsu and bichon friche
What is the difference of Ca ox dihydrate/monohydrate crystal?
Dihydrate- looks like mailing envelope
Monohydrate- looks like picket fence/dumbbells
T/F: Hill’s U/D can be used to alkalize the urine pH in a dog with Ca oxalate
FALSE- diets CANNOT be used to treat a patient with Ca ox- must perform sx to solve this problem- mini-laparotomy cystotomy or lithotripsy is indicated here
U/D is used to prevent future problems after this surgery has occurred in patients
Ammonium urate and xanthine crystals are associated with what systemic disease?
Hepatic disease- PSS, cirrhosis
What breeds are commonly associated with ammonium urate and xanthine crystals?
Dalmatians, black russian terrier and bulldogs
