Cerebellum ppt 17

Question 1

What inputs does the cerebellum receive?

Answer 1

almost all sensory modalities.
proprioceptive from spinal cord
special sensory- visual auditory and vestibular

Question 2

What are the cerebellar connections with the brain stem?

Answer 2

superior peduncle - midbrain

middle peduncle- pons

inferior peduncle- medulla

Question 3

What do the two main fissures of the cerebellum separate?

Answer 3

Primary- Anterior/Posterior

Secondary- the rest/ Flocculonodular Lobe

Question 4

What are the 3 functional divisions of the cerebellum?

Answer 4

Spinocerebellum
Vestibulocerebellum
Cerebrocerebellum

Question 5

What is the function of the spinocerebellum?

Answer 5

receives proprioception from the spinal cord, smooths and coordinated movement (plan vs. execution)

Question 6

What are the 2 regions of the spinocerebellum?

What are their functions?

Answer 6

Vermis: axial & proximal joint and posture (Ant. corticospinal, reticulospinal, vestibulospical)

paravermis: distal joint & skilled voluntary (Lat. corticospinal & rubrospinal)

Question 7

What is the function of the Vestibulocerebellum?

Answer 7

equilibrium and learning. changes in VOR. (balance and eye movements)
(medial long. Fasciculus)

Question 8

What is the function of the cerebrocerebellum?

Answer 8

Planning & programing of movements

Lateral corticospinal

Question 9

What are the excitatory fibers in the cerebellar cortex?

Answer 9

Climbing (aspartate)
Granule (glutamate)
Mossy (glutamate)

Question 10

Where are purkinje cells located?
Pathway?
Neuro transmitter?

Answer 10

body in Purkinje layer.

ONLY output from cortex.

GABA

Question 11

Where are granule cells located?
Pathway?
Neuro transmitter?

Answer 11

body in granule layer.

Parallel fibers

Glutamate

Question 12

Where are parallel fibers located?
Pathway?
Neuro transmitter?

Answer 12

molecular layer

axons of granule cells

glutamate

Question 13

Where are mossy fibers located?
Pathway?
Neuro transmitter?

Answer 13

Body in spinal cord

terminate on granule cells

Glutamate

Question 14

Where are climbing fibers located?
Pathway?
Neuro transmitter?

Answer 14

Body in inferior Oliver nucleus

end at purkinje and deep cerebellar nuclei

Aspartate

Question 15

What are the cerebellar functions?

Answer 15

• Control of postural balance and equilibrium
• Vestibulo-ocular reflex
• Smoothes and coordinates movement
• Control of skilled voluntary movements (motor learning)
• Planning and programming of the movements
• motor control: range, rate, force and direction.
• Control of muscle tone and stretch reflex
• Control of movement of one side of body
• Learning & improvement of motor skill
• Eye ball movement
• Vestibular functions

Question 16

What are the general features of cerebellum disorders?

Answer 16

• NO sensory defecit, paralysis, abnormal reflexes.
• Hypotonia
• Cannot carry out long term adjustment in motor response
• Charcot’s Neurologic triad (nystagmus, intentional tremor and scanning speech)

Question 17

What is Friedreich’s ataxia?

Answer 17

• inherited disease
• progressive damage to the nervous system
• degeneration of nerve tissue in the spinal cord

Question 18

What is cerebellar ataxia?

Answer 18

Defect in coordination due to errors in the rate, range, force, & direction of movement.
Temporary- only cortex
permanent- deep nuclei

Question 19

What are the symptoms of cerebellar ataxia?

Answer 19

• Drunken gate
• scanning speech
• dysmetria (meter)
• intentional tremor
• rebound phenomenon
• Dysdidokinesia
• Decomposition of movement

Question 20

What are the clinical tests for cerebellar function?

Answer 20

Finger to nose
Knee heel (shin)
Gait
Speech

Question 21

Significance of Romberg in cerebellar test?

Answer 21

Romberg test proprioception. can only help differentiate sessions (cerebellar) from vestibular or proprioceptive

if sway with eyes open = cerebellar lesion