Antigens

Question 1

What are the characteristics of antigens

Answer 1

non self, usually polymeric (carbohydrates,proteins,nucleic acids), must be susceptible to being broken down

Question 2

haptens/epitopes

Answer 2

Part of antigens that interact with antibodies and T cell receptors

Question 3

T/F: The more antigenic determinants carried by the antigen the more likely and diverse the immune response

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Put the biological markers molecules in order from high immune response stimulation to low immune response stimulation

Answer 4

Protiens, carbohydrates, nucleic acids,iipids

Question 5

linear epitopes

Answer 5

epitopes recognized by antibodies in its primary structure (usually denatured)

Question 6

conformational epitopes

Answer 6

epitopes recognized by antibodies when they are in a tertiary conformation (three dimensional)

Question 7

T/F: The Fc region of an antibody interacts with proteases

Answer 7

False: The Fc reigon interacts with complementary proteins; the hinge portion of an antibody interacts with proteases

Question 8

Complementary-determining reigon (CDR)

Answer 8

,tip of the Fab reigon,binding site of the epitope/hapten, determines specificity (variable amino acid sequences)

Question 9

Precipitation reaction

Answer 9

soluble antigen (protien,peptide,oligosacchride) binds with antibody, cross-linking pattern of antibody and antigen

Question 10

agglutination reaction

Answer 10

insoluble antigen (bacterium,virus) binds with antibody, cross-linking leads to clumping of particles

Question 11

univalent

Answer 11

one hapten per particle

Question 12

multivalent

Answer 12

two or more copies of the same hapten per particle

Question 13

unideterminant

Answer 13

single type of hapten per particle

Question 14

multideterminant

Answer 14

two or more types of hapten per particle

Question 15

opsonin

Answer 15

molecule that becomes attached to the surface of a microbe and increases the efficiency of phagocytosis

Question 16

opsonization

Answer 16

coating of a particle with antibodies or complement components leading to enhanced phagocytosis

Question 17

immunogenecity

Answer 17

capable of causing an immune response

Question 18

adjuvants

Answer 18

substances that increase an immune response to an immunogen

Question 19

What are the mechanisms of adjuvants

Answer 19

extend the half life of an antigen in blood, raise cytokine production, help APC take and process antigens