Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Robbins Pathology GI (Chptr 16,17,18,19) > Clinical- Billiary And Jaundice Disorders > Flashcards

Clinical- Billiary And Jaundice Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

How does biliary dyskinesia present

A
  • Right upper quadrant pain
  • Severe pain that limits daily life
  • Nausea with episodes of pain
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which tests should be done on a patient before performing an ERCP

A
  • measure INR (clotting factors)
  • Pregnancy test
  • Kidney function (if using dye)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How is biliary dyskinesia diagnosed

A

Right upper quadrant pains (similar to biliary colic)

-Diagnosed with a normal ultrasounds of the gallbladder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

If we get a GGT (gamma glutamyl transferase), and it is elevated, what is the most likely source of the jaundice

A

The liver source

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the diagnostic test finding on ultrasound to indicate gallstones

A

Acoustic shadowing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the cause of choledocholithiasis

A

Stones in the bile duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is charcot triad an indication for

A

Ascending cholangitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is Murphys sign

A

Deep inspiration or coughing during inspiration in the RUQ produces pain or inspiration arrest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are signs of choledocholithiasis

A
  • frequent attacks of RUQ pain persisting for hours
  • chills and fever with pain
  • history of jaundice and ab pain
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the only hyperbilirubinemia associated with unconjugated bilirubin

A

Gilbert syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is considered to be an abnormal ejection fraction of a HIDA (hepatic iminodiacetic acid) scan

A

Less than 35-38% —> cholecystectomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the suggestive findings of acute cholecystitis on ultrasoundography

A
  • Gallbladder wall thickening
  • pericholecystic fluid
  • sonography Murphys sign
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What can choledocholithiasis lead to

A

Acute ascending cholangitis (AC)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What condition is associated with primary sclerosing cholangitis

A

UC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the most reliable detection of stones in the bile duct

A

ERCP or EUS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the method used to look for an obstructive jaundice

A

Aka conjugated jaundice

-Ultrasonography followed by a cholangiography

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the procedure of choice for choledocholithiasis

A

ERCP with sphincterotomy and stone extraction, or a stent placement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the labs associated with primary sclerosing cholangitis

A

Elevated alkaline phosphatase, GGT

-p-ANCA antibodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What constitutes Charcot triad

A
  • RUQ pain
  • Fever chills
  • Jaundice
20
Q

What does Raynaud pentad signify

A

Acute suppurative cholangitis and a medical emergency

21
Q

What are the imaging findings in primary sclerosing cholangitis

A

“Beads on a string”

“Onion skin”

22
Q

What is Reynold pentad

A
  • Fever/chills
  • RUQ pain
  • jaundice
  • Altered mental status
  • hypotension
23
Q

What is biliary colic

A

-Severe steady ache in the RUQ or epigastric, can radiate the back scapula

24
Q

What is the serology finding in primary biliary cirrhosis

A

Anti-AMA

25
Q

What is the best diagnostic test for gallstones

A

Ultrasonography

26
Q

What is a a HIDA scan and what is being looked at

A

Radionucletide scan, where the gall bladder should be visualized within an hour if normal

27
Q

What is a common reason to have slightly elevated aminotransferase levels (ALT and AST)

A

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

28
Q

What are the complications of acute cholecystitis

A
  • Gangrene of the gall bladder (splanchnic vasoconstriction)
  • perforation with formation of a pericholecystic abcess
  • occasionally generalized periodonitis
  • Emphysematous cholecystitis (secondary infection with gas forming bacteria)
  • empyema
29
Q

What are the complications associated with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

A

Pancreatitis, bleeding, infections, perforations

30
Q

What is the cause of over 90% of cases of acute cholecystitis

A

Gallstones in the cystic duct

31
Q

What is an abnormal HIDA scan and what is the diagnosis

A

If the gallbladder is not seen within an hour, then abnormal due to stone in cystic duct or cholecystitis

32
Q

What are the lab findings indicative of choledocholithiasis

A
  • Huge increase in ALT/AST
  • Alkaline phosphate and GGT rise
  • serum amylase if secondary pancreatitis
33
Q

What are the complications associated with Primary sclerosing cholangitis

A

Osteoporosis and vitamin absorption

Cholangiocarcinoma

34
Q

What is the prognosis in a patient with porcelain gallbladder

A

Poor, as indicated calcification and increased risk of gallbladder cancer

35
Q

Increased amounts of unconjugated bilirubin is usually due to what

A

Increased bilirubin production as a result of hemolytic reactions or impaired uptake of bilirubin

36
Q

What not gallbladder related complication is associated with courvoisiers sign

A

Pancreatic cancer of the head

37
Q

What condition is common if fasting increases the amount of bilirubin in the blood

A

Gilbert’s syndrome

38
Q

What is the xray finding in a patient with chronic cholecystitis

A

Porcelain gallbladder

39
Q

What are the protective factors against gallstones

A
  • Low carb
  • Physical activity (cardiorespiratory fitness)
  • caffeine in women
  • High Mg intake
  • High fiber and statin diet
  • ASA and NSAIDs
40
Q

What is the increased risk associated with primary sclerosing cholangitis

A

Cholangiocarcinoma

41
Q

What is biliary dyskinesia and what is the common cause

A

Symptomatic functional disorder of the gallbladder with an unknown etiology

42
Q

Which normally bad habit decreases the risk of UC and PSC

A

Smoking

43
Q

Which patient population is prone to pigmented stone

A

Asian Americans

44
Q

What are the lab results that accompany a biliary dyskinesia

A

Normal liver enzymes, conjugated bilirubin, and amylase/lipase

45
Q

If we get a GGT (gamma glutamyl transferase) and the levels are normal, what is the likely source

A

Bone or other growing source (placenta)

Robbins Pathology GI (Chptr 16,17,18,19) (32 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions