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Kemble > 7.17 Aircraft Handling And Storage > Flashcards

7.17 Aircraft Handling And Storage Flashcards

1
Q

What’s used to tow an aircraft that’s on soft ground

A

A towing bridle which is attached to both front wheels

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2
Q

What must be towed in a forward direction only

A

A tail wheeled aircraft

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3
Q

What must be switched on prior to towing an aircraft

A

The towing light

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4
Q

Before towing an aircraft what must be done before so

A

Permission granted from ATC ( aircraft traffic control )

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5
Q

How can stress and tension be relieved on landing gear and tyres after towing

A

By ensuring the wheels are pointing straight and that they have had at least one full turn

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6
Q

What direction should the aircraft be parked if possible

A

In the direction of the wind

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7
Q

Why’s it essential that the aircraft doesn’t turn on a locked wheel

A

As it may cause deformation and excessive tire wear

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8
Q

What’s the speed limits that a aircraft tractor can go with a tow bar attached

A

25km/h or 15.5mph

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9
Q

How fast can an aircraft towing tractor go without a tow bar attached

A

35km/h or 19.8mph

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10
Q

What’s the maximum speed an aircraft can be towed with passenger and cargo doors open

A

10km/h or 6.21mph

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11
Q

What must be added to the towing loads to calculate the maximum taxi weight

A

Thrust resistance

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12
Q

What’s The engine thrust resistance at ground idle

A

400 Dan per engine

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13
Q

What’s the maximum steering angle that nose wheels may be steered by during taxiing

A

+/- 70 degrees

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14
Q

Who has the final decision when towing the aircraft

A

The person driving the tow vehicle

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15
Q

What’s the towing marshal responsible for

A

For providing the aircraft flight deck with singles that will allow the aircraft to manoeuvre safely

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16
Q

How many jacks are generally used when jacking and aircraft and where are they positioned

A

Three ans usually one positioned towards the front of the fuselage and one under each wing

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17
Q

What also used along side jacks if the aircraft is going to be jacked for a longer period of time

A

A trustle

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18
Q

What are bottle jacks generally used for

A

Wheel changes

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19
Q

What are quadrapod jacks and when would they be used

A

A four legged jack with two fixed and two adjustable legs and they’re used on uneven ground

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20
Q

What prevents the collapsing of a jack

A

The locking collar or pin

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21
Q

How is a locking collar released

A

The jack must be slightly raised to offload the collar

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22
Q

Why’s it important to slowly open the oil control valve when lowering a jack

A

To control the speed of fall

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23
Q

Why’s it important that all the legs on a jack are adjusted

A

So that they all carry equal weight

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24
Q

When’s shoring used to hold an aircraft ans why

A

When the aircraft is subjected to structural stresses and it helps to release loads

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25
Q

When’s a rear fuselage support used

A

To steady the aircraft under specific conditions

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26
Q

Why should jacking be carried out inside and if it’s outside how should the aircraft be positioned

A

Because it cannot be affected by wind inside and if it has to be outside then must be positioned in the direction of the wind

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27
Q

If unable to use a bottle jack on a landing gear to replace tires what may be used

A

A ramp and to be positioned in front of the tyres and then the aircraft can be towed forwards

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28
Q

If an aircraft is parked in extremely windy conditions what must be checked

A

Aircraft stability

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29
Q

What can alter the weight that the aircraft is required to be for its parking periods

A

The weather/wind

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30
Q

When an aircraft is going to be stored for a prolonged period of time what precautions must be carried out

A

All safety locking devices are in
That it’s parked in direction of the wind
That the flaps and slats and thrust reversers are all retracted
That it’s chocked

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31
Q

What must be done if protective covers or devices are put on to protect each autos ducts and inlets

A

A tag must be attached to the captains stick to inform the crew

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32
Q

If an aircraft is to be parked for more than 2 days what must be carried out to the fuel tanks,
Toilet and water systems, battery

A

The fuel tanks must be filled to prevent microbiological corrosion
Toiler and water systems must be drained
Battery must be disconnected

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33
Q

At 7-15 days of an aircraft being stored what must be inspected

A

Any bird nestlings
All covers and blanking still fitted
Any leaks

34
Q

Why must the aircraft be periodically moved

A

To prevent brinelling (damaging) of wheel bearings

35
Q

What is recommended if an aircraft is being stored for over 20 months

A

That the wheels be replaced with old ones

36
Q

After prolonged storage of aircraft what must be done to the APU and engines

A

Oil systems drained ans replaced with corrosion inhibitors

37
Q

What must be carried out after a month of storage

A

Regreasing of cargo doors
Air con must be turned on to remove moisture
Test avionic and ice protection systems

38
Q

What does the octane number in fuel indicate and is it better to have a higher or lower octane number

A

The fuels ability to resist knocking and higher

39
Q

What temperature does jet a fuel freeze, jet a-1 and jet b fuel

A

A = -40
A-1= -47
B= -50

40
Q

What’s the identification mark for fuel

A

Star kinda looking thingy

41
Q

What are the two general refuelling methods

A

Gravity and pressure

42
Q

Where are filler points located on aircraft that use gravitymp refuelling methods

A

On top of the wing

43
Q

What pressure is pressure refuelling usually done at

A

50 psi

44
Q

Why can’t fuel that’s been defueled of another aircraft be reused

A

To prevent any corrosion or contamination bring passed onto other aircraft

45
Q

How far must no smoking signs be positioned from fuelling equipment

A

15m

46
Q

How large must a fuelling zone be

A

6m

47
Q

Where should an aircraft be fuelled and why

A

Outside to prevent fire risks

48
Q

What fire extinguishers are recommended for feuling

A

Carbon dioxide or foam

49
Q

How is static electricity build up prevented when reducing or defeulimg

A

By binding the aircraft to ground and the aircraft to the tanker and the aircraft to the refuel head and the refuel tanker to the ground

50
Q

How must fuel bowsers be positioned and why

A

Facing away from the aircraft and so that they can be rapidly evacuated if there’s a spill

51
Q

What must be ensured is turned off before refuelling or defuellimg

A

Any unnecessary electrical power such as radios or radar equipment

52
Q

Why’s it important that ground equipment is moved before refuelling

A

As the aircraft may get heavier with the weight of the fuel so it may damage the structure as it settles

53
Q

Why should chocks be moved slightly away during refuelling

A

Because the wheels may expand as a result of added weight meaning that they may get stuck

54
Q

What’s the main danger of glaze ice

A

That it’s aerodynamic so it allows air to flow over it d due to the weight of this ice can lead to unequal weight loadings on wings and propellor leading to vibrations

55
Q

What’s the most dangerous type of ice on aircraft

A

Glaze

56
Q

What type of ice can be formed from pack snow and how

A

Glaze ice and it’s formee by the moisture in the ice

57
Q

What’s the danger of rime ice

A

May interfere with airflow over wings

58
Q

What’s the issue with hoar frost

A

If covering windscreen may lead to it being obscured, can afffect airflow and movement of free moving parts like flaps

59
Q

What’s the difference between de icing and anti icing

A

De icing is the removal of icing and anti acing is the prevention of icing

60
Q

What’s a holdover time (anti icing)

A

The Time in which anti icing fluid will prevent frost build up/ice

61
Q

When does the holdover time start

A

The beginning of anti icing treatment

62
Q

What’s the one step de/anti icing

A

Where anti icing fluid is heated and used to de ice the aircraft and the residue anti icing fluid left on the aircraft gives anti icing protection

63
Q

What’s the two step de/anti icing

A

When aircraft is de iced and then anti Icing fluid is applied

64
Q

What varies the freezing point of glycol

A

The amount of water in the mixture

65
Q

What are type 1 fluids

A

Normally used for de icing and have poor anti icing properties

66
Q

What percentage of type one fluids contain glycol

A

80%

67
Q

What percentage of volume of glycol is contained within type II or IV fluids

A

50

68
Q

Why do type II and IV fluids have longer holdover times than type I

A

Because they’re more viscous

69
Q

What’s the difference between when the holdover time starts for the one step and two step de/anti icing methods

A

The holdover starts from the start of the de/anti icing process For one step

For two step it starts from when the anti icing fluid is applied

70
Q

What type of information must be contained in anti icing code

A

The type of fluid
The percentage of water to fluid
The time the de/anti icing began

71
Q

What must aircraft bleed systems be checked for before use

A

Certificate of serviceability
Fire extinguisher

72
Q

What does a dc plug consist of

A

3 pins one positive , one negative and one Earth pin

73
Q

How many pins does an AC supply socket usually have

A

6

74
Q

When are hydraulic ground supplies used

A

When in the hangar as the apu can’t be run inside

75
Q

What must be checked before using a hydraulic ground supplies

A

That the hydraulic fluid is the same within the ground supply as the one on the plane as it may damage the aircraft is mot

76
Q

What’s important to make sure is in place before working on hydraulically supported equipment

A

That safety pins are in place

77
Q

What 2things can be done to save time when parking a plane in cold conditions

A

Park on planking to prevent rather than on ice or snow to prevent tires freezing to the ground
Glycol painted around frequently opened doors to prevent from frosting

78
Q

How is the frosting of windows on aircraft prevented

A

By leaving a window slightly open

79
Q

When an aircraft’s parked in sandy areas what must be done to protect it

A

Blanks fitted to prevent ingress and erosion
Extra filtration of air intakes to prevent sand entering

80
Q

What is knocking

A

When combustion of air/fuel mixture does not start of correctly in response to ignition to spark plug

Kemble (39 decks)

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