7.2 Getting rid of lactate and the effect of lactate

Question 1

What groups do many of the amino acids that make up enzymes have?

Answer 1

Positively or negatively charged groups.

Question 2

Where do hydrogen ions from the lactic acid accumulate?

Answer 2

In the cyptoplasm

Question 3

What do the hydrogen ions from the lactate do?

Answer 3

They neutralize the negatively charged groups in the active site of the enzyme.

Question 4

What will be affected and what is the consequence of this?

Answer 4

The attraction between charged groups on the substrate and in the active site will be affected. The substrate may no longer bind to the enzymes active site.

Question 5

Summary: What does do the hydrogen ions prevent the substrate from doing?

Answer 5

• Hydrogen ions
• Prevent the substrate from being attracted to
• Charged groups in the active site.

Question 6

What can lactate build up lead to in the muscle of an athlete?

Answer 6

Muscle cramp.

Question 7

After a period of anaerobic respiration and the lactate is converted back into pyruvate what is it oxidIsed directly to? What is the consequence of this?

Answer 7

Carbon dioxide and water via the Krebs Cycle and the electron transport chain therefore releasing energy to synthesis ATP.

Question 8

What is greater than normal during the recovery period? What is this called?

Answer 8

Oxygen uptake is greater than normal during the recovery period and this excess oxygen requirement is called oxygen debt.

Question 9

What is oxygen debt needed to do?

Answer 9

Needed to fuel the oxidation of lactate.

Question 10

What could some lactate be converted back to besides pyruvate?

Answer 10

Into glycogen and store in the muscle or liver.