Bovine GI - Oropharynx/esophagus

Question 1

Congenital defect of the oropharynx that is common in camelids and high inbreeding herds?

Answer 1

Cleft palate (palatoschisis)

Question 2

What causes necrotic stomatitis / calf diphtheria?

Answer 2

Fusobacterium necrophorum

Question 3

Signalment of calf diphtheria ?

Answer 3

Young animals
Dirty overcrowded conditions
Feed lot

Question 4

Treatment for necrotic stomatitis?

Answer 4

Prof Pen G
Oxytet
Florfenicol

Ampicillin and tulathromycin allowed in some veal

Flunixin/meloxicam

Tracheostomy in valuable animals. Emergency/permanent

Question 5

Common bacteria causing abscesses in the pharynx/larynx of ruminants

Answer 5

Trueperella pyogenes 
Fusobacterium 
Actinobacillus 
Laryngeal abscesses 
Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

Question 6

What are the two forms of actinobacillosis?

Answer 6

Tongue form (wooden tongue)
—acute swollen, hard painful
—chronic shrunken and firm

Cutaneous form
—thick walled granulomatous abscess in lips and retro-pharyngeal area

Question 7

Treatment of actinobacillosis?

Answer 7

NaI 1g/12kg BW 10% for 2 days then oral KI 10days

Lance and flush abscess

Question 8

What is pharyngeal phlegmon?

Answer 8

Acute severe cellulitis of oral mucosa and pharynx

• marked swelling of tissue in lower head extending down neck

Question 9

Clinical signs of pharyngeal phlegmon?

Answer 9

Marked swelling of tissues in lower head extending down neck

Anorexia, fever

Increased heart and resp rate

Dehydration
Congested membranes (toxemia)
High mortality
Clostridium septicum — necrotizing myositis

Snake bite

Question 10

What tissues does bovine leukemia virus have affinity for?

Answer 10

Right atrium
Uterus
Spine
Abomasum

Question 11

What causes vesicular stomatitis?

Answer 11

Rhabdovirus

— plant virus spread my insets

Question 12

T/F: vesicular stomatitis is a notifiable disease

Answer 12

True

Question 13

What virus causes bluetonge

Answer 13

Orbivirus

Question 14

Clincial signs of bluetongue dz in sheep?

Answer 14

Fever, nasal discharge 
Edema of the mouth, lips and tongue 
Cyanosis (necrotizing vasculitis) 
Oral ulcers 
Coronitis and laminitis 
Abortions

Question 15

How is bluetongue transmitted

Answer 15

Culicoides

Question 16

How can you confirm bluetongue disease?

Answer 16

Virus isolation
AGID
ELISA

Question 17

Clinical signs of epizootic hemorrhagic disease ?

Answer 17

Fever and depression
Swelling of head, neck, tongue, and eyelids
Respiratory distress - lung hemorrhage

Caused by orbi virus

Question 18

T/F: contagious ecthyma is zoonotic

Answer 18

True

Question 19

What type of virus causes orf?

Answer 19

Parapox virus

Question 20

How can you confirm orf ?

Answer 20

EM of scabs

Question 21

Treatment/prevention of orf?

Answer 21

Nursing care
Debride and clean lesions
Antibiotics

Prevention
— isolation and hygiene
— vaccinate if outbreak involves more than 50% of flock
—autogenous vaccine works best

Question 22

What causes bovine papular stomatitis?

Answer 22

Parapox virus

Question 23

Clinical signs of bovine papular stomatitis?

Answer 23

Papule on muzzle, hard palate, and inside of nostrils

Question 24

What virus cause bovine viral diarrhea?

Answer 24

Pestivirus

Question 25

Syndromes caused by BVD?

Answer 25

Acute disease with fever and diarrhea

Immune suppressive

Infertility suppressive

Infertility and abortion

Weak claves/cerebellar hypoplasia

Mucosal disease

Question 26

What is the most common cause dental mottling ?

Answer 26

Fluorosis

Question 27

What causes lumpy jaw?

Answer 27

Actinomycetes bovis

Question 28

Treatment of lumpy jaw?

Answer 28

Isoniazid

Surgical debridement

Question 29

DDX for pharyngeal paralysis?

Answer 29

Rabies 
Moldy feed 
Botulism 
Listeriosis
Brain abscess 
Idiopathic