Breastfeeding Flashcards

1
Q

For how long should infants be exclusively breastfed?

A

First 6 months of life, continuing up to 2 years of age or beyond

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2
Q

List some factors that are causing worldwide decline in breastfeeding

A

Marketing of formula substitutes
Lack of education
Cultural/social influences
Difficulties (pain)

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3
Q

What is the likely aetiology behind “milk insufficiency” in breastfeeding?

A

Ineffective attachment

Infrequent feeding

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4
Q

What are the consequences of ineffective attachment while breastfeeding?

A
Pain, damage, cracks
Engorgement/stasis of milk
Baby unsatisfied, frustrated, refuses
Baby fails to gain weight
Milk production decreases
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5
Q

How can nipple cracks/sores be managed?

A

Observe/demonstrate positioning and attachment techniques
Creams, sprays
Nipple shields

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6
Q

What is engorgement?

A

Breast fullness with oedema and milk flattening/poor flow

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7
Q

How can engorgement be managed?

A

Expression prior to feed
Warm compresses
Ensure good attachment

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8
Q

List the clinical features of mastitis

A

Tenderness
Sore lump (blocked duct)
Red streaks/pus in milk
Typically post-partum

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9
Q

How can mastitis be managed?

A
Continue breastfeeding
Frequent feed on affected side
Manual expression
Anti-inflammatory medication
Antibiotic if unresolved
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10
Q

Which antibiotics are ok to use for mastitis?

A

Flucloxacillin

Clindamycin if pen-allergic

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11
Q

Which organism causes breast thrush?

A

Candida albicans

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12
Q

List the clinical features of breast thrush

A

Pain in both breasts
Pain after every feed
No change in nipple shape/colour
Oral swab +ve for Candida

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13
Q

How can breast thrush be managed?

A

Boil teats
Continue feeding
Miconazole cream if superficial
Fluconazole cream if deep

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