Chapter 13 Flashcards
- Briefly describe two causes of self control problems that involve behavioural excesses. Illustrate with a sport example.
- The first cause- for many undesirable behavioural excesses, the immediate reinforcement of the problem behaviours wins out over the unnoticeable negative effects that are only cumulatively significant
- The second cause/ the negative effects are not shown immediately
- ex. A baller dancer thinks she has stretched her foot to pointe. But because her foot is in her ballet shoe, she cannot notice that she demonstrates a “winged” foot with crunches toes. The repetitive action over time results in weakened intrinsic foot muscles and overused extrinsic foot muscles
- List six steps that characterize many programs of self- management in a variety of areas
- Set goals for quantity, quality, and game simulations
- Increase the athlete commitment to change
- Design monitoring sheets for key behaviours
- Manage antecedents to motivate quality practices
- Manage consequences to motivate quality practice
- Percent relapse make it last
- Give an example of a quantity goal for a practice if a sport that is not this chapter
- quantity goal- in relation to frequency, many general evaluations of whether or not an athlete is good or poor at something relate to how many times the athlete tends to emit some behaviour in a given time period
- ex. Number of goals a player gets in a soccer game, number of layouts successfully completed at a gymnasts competition
- With behavioural self managment what is meant by commitment to change ?
Commitment to change referee to statements or actions by an athlete which imply that it is important to improve in a specific area that he/she will work toward doing so and that he/ she will work towards doing so and that he/she recognizes the benefits of doing so
- Using an example, describe how an athlete might improve practice performance by rearranging the immediate surroundings
Because certain behaviours are likely to occur in certain stations or settings, rearranging ones existing surrounding can be an effective strategy for changing behaviour.
- ex. A coach told her players that it is important to drink water throughout the day. Especially on game days. For one particular player, she had s problem remembering to drink more water than she normally would in a given day. Rearranging her surroundings by placing water around her house and purring a picture of her team when they win the championship, helped motivate her to drink the water and to be prepared for the game
13: in a sentence or two each, describe three ways of manipulating consequences in self control programs to motivate quality practices
- Eliminate reinforcers for problem behaviour
- eliminate reinforcers for problem behaviour that interferes with desired practice behaviour - Self record and chart improvements
- self recording and charting the target behavior. Seeing a line in a graph that represents gradual improvements can d eve as a prompt to think a variety of positive, self confidence thoughts - Reinforce desirable practice behaviours
- arranging for specific reinforcers to be earned by the athlete for showing improvement, or even yet for sticking to the practice plan. Apply self-reinforcmenr for desirable practice behavhiour, arrange for others to present reinforcers (to the athlete) contingent upon improvement, and get the athlete to remind him/herself of delayed natural reinforcers for specific practice behaviours and to do so immediately after the practice occurs.
- Describe two possible causes Of relapse (In self-management programs) in situations, and indicate how each might be handled
- Failure to anticipate setbacks situations (setback situations are when one is at is at is for returning to earlier unearned behaviours patterns )
- some setback situations can simply be avoided until the individual is better able to come with them. An athlete can avoid setback situations until after some success with the self-managment program has been achieved, then the athlete might be better able to cope with situations that provide strong cues for the problem behaviour - Counterproductive self-talk
- recognize such counterproductive self-talk is an important first step in preventing relapse. But such self talk needs to be replaced by other self-talk and/ or other behaviours
- Describe two possible causes if relapse (in self-managment programs) in specification of the response and indicate how each might be handled
- The response component of self managment program is too vague
- the target behaviour must be phrased in a way so that it can be easily recognized when it occurs - Long term goals have not been translated into specific short term goals
- in order to provide specific progress checks along the way, daily and or weekly short term goals should be precisely stated, be realistic and nice and nice the athlete in the direction of the long term goal
- Describe a possible cause of relapse (in self-management programs ) in consequences, and indicate how it might be handled
self managment programs after a while; the extra work from recording and graphing and rearranging the environment, along with the increase in practice activities that such self management is likely to produce can become quite burdensome
- this can be handled by liking self management programs to everyday activities that are rewarding. A strategy to make it last is for the athlete to involve supportive others in the program, both in the short term and in the long term. First, set up a buddy system where two athletes can initiate self management programs at the same time and can check each other progress in a weekly basis
