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Endocrinology > Anatomy - Pituitary > Flashcards

Anatomy - Pituitary Flashcards

1
Q

name the 3 mechanisms of cell communication

A

autocrine
paracrine
endocrine

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2
Q

major hormones of the body are produced by one of _____ endocrine glands/gland pairs

A

major hormones of the body are produced by one of SEVEN endocrine glands/gland pairs

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3
Q

name the 7 endocrine glands/gland pairs

A
  1. hypothalamus
  2. pituitary gland
  3. 4 parathyroid glands
  4. thyroid gland
  5. 2 adrenal glands
  6. pancreas
  7. 2 ovaries/2 testes
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4
Q

thalamus + hypothalamus = ?

A

diencephalon

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5
Q

the ____________ forms the central core of the cerebrum with connections to the right and left cerebral hemispheres & the midbrain

A

the DIENCEPHALON forms the central core of the cerebrum with connections to the right and left cerebral hemispheres & the midbrain

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6
Q

the hypothalamus is connected to the pituitary gland via what?

A

the infundibulum

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7
Q

what is the pituitary gland divided into?

A

anterior pituitary and posterior pituitary

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8
Q

name the pouch relating the pituitary gland and embryology

A

rathe’s pouch

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9
Q

the anterior/posterior gland is known as the adenohypophysis/neurohypophysis

the anterior/posterior gland is known as the adenohypophysis/neurohypophysis

A

the ANTERIOR gland is known as the ADENOHYPOPHYSIS

the POSTERIOR gland is known as the NEUROHYPOPHYSIS

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10
Q

the pituitary gland is a midline structure in the ________ fossa of the ________ bone

A

the pituitary gland is a midline structure in the PITUITARY fossa of the SPHENOID bone

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11
Q

the pituitary fossa lies within the _____ _______

A

the pituitary fossa lies within the SELLA TURCICA

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12
Q

the pituitary gland lies _________ to the optic chiasm

A

the pituitary gland lies INFERIOR to the optic chiasm

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13
Q

the temporal side of the visual field hits the ______ retina

A

the temporal side of the visual field hits the NASAL retina

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14
Q

state the early clinical effect of a pituitary tumour on the visual pathway

A

bitemporal hemianopia

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15
Q

what are paranasal sinuses lined by?

A

mucous-secreting respiratory mucosa

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16
Q

name the sinuses of the skull

A

frontal sinuses
maxillaary sinuses
ethmoidal air cells
sphenoid sinuses

17
Q

which le fort fracture approach to the nasal cavities provided better surgical access in more complicated cases?

A

le fort I

18
Q

define diaphragm sellae

A

tough sheet of dura mater forming a roof (diaphragm) over the pituitary fossa

19
Q

the pituitary is surrounded by which 2 sinuses?

A

cavernous and intercavernous sinuses

20
Q

cavernous sinus function?

A

drains venous blood

Endocrinology (31 decks)

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