Antimicrobial drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Antimicrobial drugs are classified on the basis of

A
  • Molecular structure
  • Mechanism of action
  • Spectrum of antimicrobial activity
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2
Q

Can be used internally in humans or animals with minimal side effects (low toxicity) but for the organism?

A

toxicity really high

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3
Q

antimicrobial drugs can be ?

A

bacteriostatic or bactericidal

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4
Q

usually the antimicrobial drgs have target? s

A

specific targets

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5
Q

A good antimicrobial drug has

A
  • No severe side effect
  • low risk-benefit ratio
  • Broad spectrum of activity to facilitate rapid medical intervention
  • low cost to develop and manufacture
  • Appropriate bioavailability and pharmacokinetics (must reach the site of infection).
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6
Q

Antimicrobial drugs ‐ Mode of action can target ?

A

specific subunits, lipid biosynthesis,

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7
Q

can a drug threat at the same time bacteria and virus?

A

nop

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8
Q

Who studied selective toxicity in the early 1900s?

A

Paul Ehrlich

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9
Q

Selective toxicity is the?

A

ability
to inhibit or kill a pathogen
without affecting the host

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10
Q

Salvarsan?

A

one of the first
antimicrobial drugs, used to
treat syphilis

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11
Q

What’s a synthetic Antimicrobial drug?

A

drug that are not naturally produce cooked up in the lab

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12
Q

Synthetic Antimicrobial Drugs,growth factor analogs?

A

structurally similar to growth
factors but do not function in the
cell.

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13
Q

so what do growth facto analogs do?

A

prevent the analog from functioning in the cell, thereby disrupting cell metabolism

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14
Q

Who discovered the sulfa drug?

A

discovered by Gerhard Domagk

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15
Q

Another name for sulfa drug?

A

sulfanilamide

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16
Q

sulfanilamide is an analogous for ?

A

of paminobenzoic

acid

17
Q

what does sulfanilamide do?

A

inhibits folic acid synthesis

18
Q

sulfanilamide si what kind?

A

bacteriostatic

19
Q

isoniazid?

A

a growth factor analog

20
Q

isoniazid is only effective againts?

A

Mycobacterium

21
Q

isoniazid interferes with?

A

synthesis of mycolic acid

22
Q

Nucleic acid base analogs are

formed by

A

the addition of bromine

or fluorine.

23
Q

action of Nucleic acid base analogs

A

Stop DNA replication

24
Q

Quinolones are?

A

antibacterial
compounds that interfere with DNA
gyrase

25
Q

what’s the job of gyrase?

A

control DNA supercoiling