Antibiotics

Question 1

Antibiotics are

Answer 1

antimicrobial agents naturally produced by a variety of

bacteria and fungi

Question 2

What’s their job?

Answer 2

or kill other microorganisms.

Question 3

Less than __% of known antibiotics are clinically useful

Answer 3

1

Question 4

Antibiotics can be modified to enhance efficacy the name of that?

Answer 4

semisynthetic antibiotics

Question 5

Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria vary in their ____ to
______

Answer 5

• sensitivity

- antiobiotics

Question 6

why is there a big diference in gram - and gram +?

Answer 6

the cell wall is a major factor

Question 7

b-Lactams are one?

Answer 7

the most important groups of antibiotics of all time.

Question 8

b-lactams include?

Answer 8

penicillins, cephalosporins, and cephamycins.

Question 9

who discovered penicilins?

Answer 9

Alexander Fleming

Question 10

he isolatede that ?

Answer 10

from Penicillium

chrysogenum

Question 11

Penicillins is primarily effective against?

Answer 11

Gram-positive bacteria

Question 12

some synthetic forms of penicilling are effective against?

Answer 12

some Gram-negative bacteria

Question 13

what’s the job of penicillins?

Answer 13

Inhibit cell wall synthesis

Question 14

what’s important in penicillin?

Answer 14

the b-lactam ring

Question 15

natural penicilin the moiety is?

Answer 15

benzylpenicillin

Question 16

ni penicilin can the moiety be changed?

Answer 16

Yes, it can

Question 17

Name of semisynthetic penicilin?

Answer 17

• Methicillin
• Oxacillin
• Ampicillin
• Carbenicillin

Question 18

Cephalosporins is produced by?

Answer 18

the fungus cephalosporium

Question 19

what is the mode of actiion of cephalosporins?

Answer 19

same mode of action as the penicillins

Question 20

cephalosporins is commonly used to treat ?

Answer 20

gonorrhea

Question 21

Mode of actino of b-lactams as to do with?

Answer 21

transpeptidase enzyme

Question 22

transpeptidase enzyme is a ?

Answer 22

penicillin‐binding protein

Question 23

β‐lactams are?

Answer 23

• bactericidal

- bacteriolytic

Question 24

being bactericidal or bacteriolytic depends on?

Answer 24

the specie,growth phase, etc

Question 25

the transpeptidates binds to ?

Answer 25

the beta lactam ring

Question 26

The beta-lactams can be bacteriostatic in ?

Answer 26

in isotonic solution

Question 27

(Prokaryotes) Many antibiotics effective against

bacteria are also produced by

Answer 27

bacteria(e.g streptomyces)

lots of antibiotics come frmo streptomyces)

Question 28

Aminoglycosides kind?

Answer 28

• kanamycin
• neomycin
• streptomycin.

Question 29

streptomycin targets?

Answer 29

the 30s subunit of the ribosome

Question 30

what does streptomycin causes?

Answer 30

misreading of mRNA

Question 31

steptomycin are?

Answer 31

bactericidal

Question 32

the chloramphenicol binds to ?

Answer 32

23S rRNA and block

peptide elongation

Question 33

chloramphenicol are?

Answer 33

bacteriostatic

Question 34

macrolides,like?

Answer 34

erythromycin

Question 35

microlides are?

Answer 35

Broad‐spectrum antibiotics

Question 36

microlides target?

Answer 36

the 50S subunit of the
ribosome,block protein
synthesis

Question 37

microlides are bacterio?

Answer 37

bacteriostatic

Question 38

Tetracyclines have a

Answer 38

broad spectrum and are bacteriostatic

Question 39

Tetracyclines what do they do?

Answer 39

Inhibit 30S ribosomal subunit and block protein synthesis