Chapter 8 Photosynthesis

Question 1

Photosynthesis

Answer 1

The process that converts solar energy into chemical energy

Question 2

Autotrophs

Answer 2

Sustain themselves without eating anything derived from other organisms

Question 3

Producers of the biosphere

Answer 3

Autotrophs

Question 4

Heterotrophs

Answer 4

Obtain their organic material from other organisms

Question 5

Consumers of the biosphere

Answer 5

Heterotrophs

Question 6

________are the major locations of photosynthesis

Answer 6

Leaves

Question 7

Chloroplasts are found mainly in cells of the __________

Answer 7

Mesophyll, the interior tissue of the leaf

Question 8

CO2 enters and O2 exits the leaf through microscopic pores called __________

Answer 8

Stomata

Question 9

The chlorophyll is in the membranes of ______________

Answer 9

Thylakoids-connected sacs in the chloroplast

Question 10

Thylakoids may be stacked in columns called

Answer 10

Grana

Question 11

Chloroplast also contain_______ a dense interior fluid

Answer 11

Stroma

Question 12

Equation for photosynthesis

Answer 12

6CO2 + 12H2O + light energy -> C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6 H2O

Question 13

Chloroplasts split _______ into hydrogen and oxygen

Answer 13

H2O

Question 14

Photosynthesis is a redox process in which H2O is oxidized and _______ is reduced

Answer 14

CO2

Question 15

Photosynthesis is an _____________ process ; the energy boost is provided by light

Answer 15

Endergonic

Question 16

Photosynthesis consists of the _________ cycle and the __________ __________ cycle

Answer 16

Light, Calvin

Question 17

The light reactions:

Answer 17

Split H2O

Release O2

Reduce the electron acceptor NADP+ to NADPH

Generate ATP from ADP by adding a phosphate group, photo phosphorylation

Question 18

The Calvin Cycle:

Answer 18

In the stroma, forms sugar from CO2, using ATP and NADPH

Question 19

The Calvin cycle begins with __________, incorporating CO2 into organic molecules

Answer 19

Carbon fixation

Question 20

Thylakoids transform

Answer 20

Light energy into the chemical energy of ATP and NADPH

Question 21

Light is a form of

Answer 21

Electromagnetic energy also called electromagnetic radiation

Question 22

Wavelength is the

Answer 22

Distance between waves

Question 23

Wavelength determines

Answer 23

The type of electromagnetic energy

Question 24

The electromagnetic spectrum is the

Answer 24

Entire range of electromagnetic energy

Question 25

Visible light consists of wavelengths that

Answer 25

Produce color we can see

Question 26

Light behaves as though it consists of discrete particles called

Answer 26

Photons

Question 27

Visible light spectrum is from ________ to _________

Answer 27

380 nm to 750 nm

Question 28

Shorter wavelength equals _________ energy while longer wavelength equals ________ energy

Answer 28

Higher, lower

Question 29

Pigments are substances that

Answer 29

Absorb visible light

Question 30

Wavelengths that are not absorbed are

Answer 30

Reflected or transmitted

Leaves appear green because chlorophyll reflects and transmits green light.

Question 31

A spectrophotometer measures

Answer 31

A pigments ability to absorb various wavelengths

Question 32

An absorption spectrum is a graph that plots a

Answer 32

Pigments light absorption versus wavelengths

Question 33

The absorption spectrum for chlorophyll suggests that

Answer 33

Violet blue and red light work best for photosynthesis

Question 34

Accessory pigments include chlorophyll B and a group of pigments called

Answer 34

Carotenoids

Question 35

An __________ spectrum profiles the relative effectiveness of different wavelengths of radiation on a driving process

Answer 35

Action

Question 36

The main photosynthetic pigment is

Answer 36

Chlorophyll A

Question 37

Accessory pigments

Answer 37

Broaden the spectrum used for photosynthesis

Question 38

Accessory pigments called _________ absorb excessive light that would damage chlorophyll

Answer 38

Carotenoids

Question 39

Three phases of the Calvin cycle

Answer 39

Carbon fixation

Reduction

Regeneration of the CO2 receptor

Question 40

CAM plants

Answer 40

Crassulacean acid metabolism plants open their stigmata at night incorporating CO2 into organic acids