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Z A320 Systems > Stage 6 PowerPlant > Flashcards

Stage 6 PowerPlant Flashcards

1
Q

How many systems are in the engine and what are they?

A

1) FADEC
2) Fuel System
3) Oil system
4) Air System
5) Thrust reversers system
6) Ignition and starter system

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2
Q

List the engine’s stages.

A 
Two compressor turbine assemblies (LP and HP)
Accessory gearbox
Combustion chamber
Variable Bleed Valve
Variable Stator Vane
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3
Q

Describe how the engine produces thrust?

A
  • Air is compressed by the LP compressor and is bypassed.
  • The unbypassed air is further compressed by HP compressor
  • Fuel is added and combusted with the HP air in the combustion chamber
  • The ignited gases power the LP/HP turbines
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4
Q

What is the N1/N2 a measure of?

A

LP Compressor fan speed / HP turbine speed

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5
Q

Describe the LP Compressor section?

A

Consists of an LP compressor connected to an LP turbine via a shaft. Each having four fan stages.

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6
Q

Describe the HP Compressor section?

A

Consists of a HP compressor connected to a HP turbine via a shaft. The compressor 9 stages, Turbine has 1.

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7
Q

Describe how the FADEC controls the thrust?

A

it uses the TLA to know the fuel to air ratio needed for the required thrust

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8
Q

Describe the combustion chamber.

A

Annular assembly with fuel nozzles and 2 igniters located between HP compressor and turbine

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9
Q

What drives the accessory gearbox?

A

The HP haft

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10
Q

What does the Acc gearbox operate? 6 items

A 
The oil feed pump
Main engine fuel pump
Engine driven HYD pump
Engine driven Generators 
The FADEC Alternator 
The Pneumatic starter
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11
Q

Describe the FADEC.

A

FADEC has two channels. One active one STBY.

Self powered by a magnetic alternator and is mounted in the fan case. Receives input from EIU

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12
Q

What are the FADEC 10 functions?

A

Controls the

1) Gas Generator
2) Protection against exceeding limits (EGT,N1,N2)
3) Power Management
4) Auto and Manual engine start sequence
5) Thrust Rev Control
6) Fuel recirculation
7) Transmitting info to ECAM
8) Fail detection/isolation/recording
9) FADEC cooling

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13
Q

What are the three IDLE controls?

A

1) Modulated IDLE
2) Reverse IDL
3) APP Idle

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14
Q

Describe Modulated IDLE

A

It regulates the IDLE required for bleed demand and ambient conditions. Normally in flight with retracted flaps and ground out of reversers mode

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15
Q

Describe APP IDLE

A

regulated with altitude not bleed demand. Activated in flight when flaps above zero. allows engines to spool up faster for go around

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16
Q

Describe REV IDLE

A

slightly higher than regular idle

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17
Q

What are the 5 detents and 6 positions on the thrust lever. The AEO range and OEI range of A/THR

A

TOGA/MCT-FLX/CLB/IDLE/MAX REV
The position is as above but add reverse IDLE that has no detent
AEO IDLE to CLB
OEI IDLE to MCT

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18
Q

Which thrust is selected by FADEC is placed between two detents?

A

The higher detent

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19
Q

what system computes the thrust limits?

A

FMGC

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20
Q

What happens if the FLX temp is below TAT or not selected at T/O with FLX detent selected/

A

MCT thrust is set

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21
Q

How can you move the thrust mode from FLX to MCT?

A

You have to select a higher/lower detent first!

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22
Q

What is the function of the fule system?

A

Provides fuel to the combustion chamber with the required conditions.

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23
Q

What is are the fuel flow stages?

A

Tank by the fuel pump to FOHE to the Hydromechanical Unit HMU then the fuel nozzles.

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24
Q

Describe the fuel stages process in detail.

A

1) Fuel pump from tank - LPFSOV - LP Pump
LP pump splits to two: Recirculation and FOHE.

•Recirculation returns cold fuel to tanks
•FOHE - Filter - HP Pump
HP pump splits three lines: Hydraulic control, FMV, IDG cooling

  • The hydraulic line: Wash filter - Servo/Fuel heater (another question)
  • HP pump - bypass valve - IDG OIL cooler - Hot fuel returns to tanks and downstream the LP pump
  • HP to FMV - HPFSOV - Fuel flow meter (ECAM) - engine nozzles.
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25
Q

Where does the fuel return valve return the fuel? a320

A

Outer tanks

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26
Q

What is powered by the HMU unit (hydraulic line of the fuel system)? 7 items

A

1) Variable Stator Vanes Actuators
2) Variable Bleed Valves
3) High-pressure turbine Clearance Control
4) LP TCC
5) RACC (Rotor Active )
6) Burner Staging Valve (BAV)
7) FMV torque motor/servo valve

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27
Q

What drives the HP fuel pump?

A

The HP compressor shaft

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28
Q

What does the master switch command?

A

The LP and HP shutoff valves,

Closes fuel return valve and opens the bypass valve

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29
Q

What controls the HMU?

A

FADEC

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30
Q

What does the HMU do? 3

A

1) Controls fuel flow
2) hydraulic actuators
3) overspeed protection

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31
Q

What does the fuel bypass valve do?

A

maintains a constant pressure drop across the FMV to make sure the fuel flow is proportional to the valve position

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32
Q

How does the FADEC control the N1.N2?

A

It computes the fuel flow required for the N1 selection and plays with the N2 between min and max to cover the bleed configuration need. Limits the speed and prevents stall /flameout

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33
Q

When does the N2 overspeed governor operate and its function?

A

107.5 N2. Independent from FADEC and opens bypass valve to prevent N2 overspeed

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34
Q

The function of the VSV?

A

Prevents stall and provides optimum compressor efficiency. Fully closed at engine start and opens more as high thrust is commanded

35
Q

What are the VBV and their function/location?

A

Ustream of HP compressor. Depends on compressor inlet temp and N2. Fully open in the start and closed at higher settings

36
Q

Describe the IDG Cooling system? What happens when its too hot?

A

Fuel from the HMU cools the IDG oil and then goes to the fuel tank and LP pump.

Can get too hot at low thrust settings so the tank fuel flow is increased (300 to 600kg/hr). Min N2 increases.

37
Q

Max FRV fuel temp?

A

100ºC

38
Q

when the FRV tank return valve is inhibited?

A

1) Shutdown,
2) T/O and CLB
3) Wing fuel< 300 kg
4) Gravity feed
5) Fuel temp > 52.5 in flight
6) surge tank overflow

39
Q

Desribe oil system components?

A 
Oil tank
Lube/Scavenge Pump
FOHE
Filters (Chip detectors)
Pressure relief and bypass valves
40
Q

what are the uses of bleed air?

A

Pneumatic system function

cooling the engine compartments/turbine

41
Q

What are the cooling components of the bleed system?

A

RACC (Rotor Active)
HPTCC
LPTCC

42
Q

HPTCC work? LPTCC?

A

Creates clearance by cooling HP turbine casing with HP bleed air. Same but with LP replacing the words

43
Q

What are the reversers used and their components?

A

each engine has four pivot blocker independent doors (2-second deployment)

4 actuators and 
4 latches
Door position switches
Hydraulic control unit
Hydraulic S/O valve
44
Q

What does the HCU (Hyd control unit do)?

A

1) Pressurizes the reverser Hyd system
2) Regulates blocker door speeds
3) supplies hyd power to actuators

45
Q

What inputs are needed to actuate the reversers?

A

1) one FADEC channel
2) both main landing gear compressed from LGCIU
3) TLA at rev from one SEC

46
Q

when is rev idle set by fadec?

A

Before rev door deployment

47
Q

What is the FADEC IDLE protection?

A

The FADEC chooses Idle power when the reversers arent in the commanded position (not stowed/ uncommanded deployment)

48
Q

What are the controls included in the IGN/Started system? Where does the FADEC get their input from?

A

1) ENG MODE Selector
2) Engine Master SW
3) ENG MAN Start PB
4) Aircraft status (GND/FLT)

The EIU

49
Q

What does the EIU command in the starter/IGN system?

A

it commands the ECU Start logic Module which commands the
Starter valve
Igniters
HP fuel valves

50
Q

How many igniters per engine and their electric source?

A

Two Igniters
A from AC ESS or STAT INV Bus bar
B from AC Normal

51
Q

At what N2 does the starter ignition start and cutoff?

A

16/ 50 % N2

52
Q

When does automatic ground start use both igniters?

A

When engine is cold or above 10,000 feet

53
Q

How many igniters are used for manual start and when do they cut off?

A

2 Igniters, at 50%

54
Q

When is automatic ignition selected?

A

Flameout
EIU Fail
Ignition delay in start

55
Q

What does the starter consist of?

A

Air turbine and start valve

56
Q

What does the FADEC control in the automatic start?

A

The HP fuel valve
Starter valve
igniters

57
Q

What protections does the FADEC have in engine start?

A

detects Stalls/Hot/Hung/Wet start and displays it on ECAM

Runs abort sequence

58
Q

How does the FADEC run the abort sequence?

A

Closes HP and starter valves
Turns off ignition
Cranks the engine

59
Q

What is the dry cranking funtion and maximum rotor speed?

A

Limites engine speed below bow rotor protection. 30% N2

60
Q

How long till the pack valves open again when ENG MODE selector is on IGN?

A

30 seconds

61
Q

What happens when START is selected on Eng mode selector?

A

The ENG ECAM Page shows with the engine parameters

Pack valves close

62
Q

What happens when engine master is set to on?

A 
LP fuel valve opens
Start valves opens 
IGN at 16% on ground 
HP fuel valve opens at 22% 
done at 50% N2
63
Q

when does the FADEC abort a manual start?

A

When EGT limit is reached before N2 > 50

64
Q

When is a dry crank needed?

A

To ventilate fuel vapours in the engine after an unsuccessful start

65
Q

How is a manual cranking done?

A

ENG MODE SEL on “CRANK”

ENG MAN START to “ON”

66
Q

What are the commands given when ENG MAN START is set to ON / OFF?

A

OFF: Stops Dry cranking (CRANK) or Aborts engine start (IGN START)
ON: Initiates manual start (IGN START)
Initiates WET crank (ENG MASTER ON / CRANK)
Initiates DRY crank (ENG MASTER OFF / CRANK)

67
Q

What do ENG MASTER levers do when set ON and OFF?

A

1) ON: FADEC initiates start sequence (auto/manual)

2) OFF: Shuts down engine or aborts a start

68
Q

What may cause ENG FAULT amber light?

A

1) Abnormal HPSOV position
2) Auto start sequence aborts
3) Thrust control malfunction

69
Q

What are the two stops (not detents) on the thrust levers?

A

IDLE and REV Max

70
Q

How does the E/WD display tell you if SAT is above FLEX?

A

FLEX Temp is dashed in Cyan

71
Q

How is the AVAIL light shown on the E/WD?

A

For 10s after IDLE is reached during ground start

For 1 min if IDLE is reached during inflight start

72
Q

What is the range of the EGT temperature?

A

0 to 1000 Celcius

73
Q

What is the EGT limit?

A

725 in start and 915 in all other cases

74
Q

Where is the EGT red line limit?

A

950

75
Q

How is the N1 Limit shown on E/WD?

A

Amber thrust limit

76
Q

How is an EGT or N1 exceedance shown?

A

EGT/N1 red line move forward of the EGT/N1 limit

77
Q

What do the big and small hands show on the transient N1 display?

A

Big hand shows the N1 command

Small hand shows the N1 trend

78
Q

What is the N1 red limit? N2?

A

104% and 105% respectively

79
Q

What does the grey box around N2 value mean?

A

Start or Crank in progress

80
Q

What is the Oil Qty advisory limit?

A

3.23 QT

81
Q

What is the Oil QTY scale range?

A

0 to 22

82
Q

What are the engine upper and lower ADV limits?

A

90 and 16 PSI respectively

83
Q

When does the Nacelle temperature start showing?

A

When one engine nacelle temp goes above advisory threshold

Z A320 Systems (30 decks)

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