Calcium revision - week 11 Flashcards
1
Q
food sources
A
milk, milk products, canned fish, leafy vege, tofu, fortified food
2
Q
absorption
A
- SI and LI – most efficient in
- upper duodenum where the pH is slightly acidic (keeps calcium in 2+ form)
- Usually 25-30% absorbed from foods
- 75% absorption in pregnancy and childhood (due to increase needs)
- calcitriol increases calcium absorption from GIT through upregulation of calcium transports
- declines with age
- lactose and present of protein in foods enhance absorption
3
Q
transport
A
to cells - free ionized calcium or bound to proteins
4
Q
storage
A
99% in skeleton and teeth
all cells require calcium to function
5
Q
excretion
A
urine, sweat, faeces
6
Q
main function
A
- Bone and tooth development and maintenance
- Blood clotting
- Aids in nerve impulse transmission
- Muscle contractions
- Enzyme regulation
7
Q
RDI
A
men
<70yrs 1000mg
>70yrs 1300mg
same for women except 50 not 70
8
Q
UL
A
2.5g
9
Q
Toxicity
A
may cause kidney stones and other issues in susceptible people
10
Q
Deficiency
A
increase risk of osteoporosis
