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ObGyn Lecture > 8/26 Lecture > Flashcards

8/26 Lecture Flashcards

1
Q

What does the acronym of NR FHR mean?

A

Non reassuring Fetal Heart Rate

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2
Q

What provides oxygen and nutrients to the fetus?

A

Umbilical vein

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3
Q

What receives CO2 and waste from the fetus?

A

Umbilical artery

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4
Q

If fetal hypoxia continues what can happen?

A

Metabolic acidosis
Damage to vital organs
Accumulation of lactic acid can lead to birth asphyxia
Permanent brain damage may result

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5
Q

If the baby has respiratory difficulties, lack of tone, subnormal consciousness, seizures, what do you suspect?

A

Neonatal encephalopathy

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6
Q

What type of cerebral palsy is associated with AP or IP asphyxia (ACOG say majority IP)

A

Spastic CP

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7
Q

What type of cerebral palsy is more related to genetics?

A

Dyskinetic or ataxic CP

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8
Q

What is a FSE?

A

Fetal scalp electrode

Used to monitor baby pulse rate

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9
Q

What is normal baseline rate for baby?

A

120-160

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10
Q

What is fetal bardycardia?

A

80-100 (if persists this is an ominous sign)

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11
Q

What is fetal tachycardia?

A

Above 160

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12
Q

What is a common reason for fetal tachycardia?

A

Chorioamnionitis

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13
Q

Chorion faces who?

A

Mom

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14
Q

Amnion faces who?

A

Baby

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15
Q

What are 2 common side effects of epidurals?

A

Fevers can lead to tachy in the baby

maternal hypotension

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16
Q

What is gentamycin toxic to?

A

The kidneys

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17
Q

Why is heart rate variability important?

A

shows that there is both parasympathetic and sympathetic control

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18
Q

Moderate variability (adequate oxygenation) is variability of how many bpms?

A

6-25 bpms

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19
Q

What is marked variability?

A

> 25 bpm

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20
Q

What is nonreassuring FHR variability?

A

Absent

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21
Q

What is minimal feta heart rate variability (concerning, or baby could be asleep)

A

<6 bpm

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22
Q

What is early decelerations?

A

Occurs early with UCs. can be due to head compressions, physiologic

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23
Q

If late declarations are persistent, what do you want to think?

A

Uteroplacental insufficiency (which can lead to fetal hypoxia)

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24
Q

What do variable deceleration indicate usually?

A

Umbilical cord compression

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25
Q

How many babies are born with a cord around their neck?

A

1/3 of babies

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26
Q

If there are persistent and deep FHR changes what can be done?

A

Amniofusion may relieve cord compression

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27
Q

What category is reassuring for FHR?

A

Category I

28
Q

What category is worrisome with absent variability, recurrent late or variable decels, bradycardia.

A

Category III

29
Q

What category for FHR is concerning?

A

Category II

30
Q

What is the most used test where you rub the babies’ head and the fetal heart rate increases.

A

Fetal scalp stimulation. Indicates that pH is about 7.2

31
Q

What does a tocolytic agent do?

A

Stop contractions for a moment, allows baby to get more oxygen

32
Q

What is the most common thing used to check fetal well being?

A

Non-stress test (NST)

33
Q

What do you want to happen in the non-stress test?

A

Baby to move twice within 15 minutes and both times the HR increases 15 above baseline

34
Q

What is thick, black, tarry substance in the fetal GI tract? Mixture of lanugo, vernix, bile, skin cells.

A

Meconium

35
Q

What is a sign of fetal stress in terms of amniotic fluid?

A

MSAF- Meconium-stained amniotic fluid (looks like pea soup)

36
Q

What is included in meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS)?

A

Pneumonitis
Pneumothorax
Pulmonary HTN

37
Q

How is meconium managed at birth?

A

Don’t suction
Observation if baby is vigorous
look down airway with laryngoscope

38
Q

What should be done with a vigorous baby after it is born?

A

Dried off and placed on the mother’s abdomen skin to skin

39
Q

Why is putting the baby on the mom’s skin better?

A

Allows baby to stabilize- respirations, heart rate, glucose levels

40
Q

What is the minimal amount of time that baby should be left skin to skin?

A

1-2 hours

41
Q

what is a point system to score neuromuscular and physical maturity. Helps determine gestational age.

A

Ballard score

42
Q

Should alcohol or ointments be used when the cord is cut?

A

No, inhibits drying and falling off

43
Q

What is an opthalmic ointment used to treat gonorrhea in the birth canal?

A

Erythromycin

44
Q

When should the baby void and have a bowel movement within?

A

24 hours

45
Q

What type babies is hyperbilirubinemia more common in?

A

Near term (35-37 weeks)

46
Q

What is a drug that can be given for severe respiratory depression?

A

Narcan

47
Q

What cord gas will always look better?

A

Venous

48
Q

an UA pH less than what is the beginning of acidemia?

A

<7.20

49
Q

What can acidemia turn into

A

Acidosis then asphyxia

50
Q

What is responsible for neonatal mortality?

A

Preterm birth (Less than 37 weeks gestation)

51
Q

What is early pre-term labor?

A

23-26 weeks

52
Q

What cause the whole prostaglandin synthesis to be released leading to pre-term labor?

A

inflammatory cytokines

53
Q

What is induction of labor before 39 weeks?

A

Iatrogenic (not allowed electively anymore)

54
Q

what is the metabolic, active part of the uterus?

A

Decidual

55
Q

The signs and symptoms must be ____, predicts per-term labor.

A

Rhythmic

56
Q

Where does fetal fibronectin collect?

A

Posterior fornix of the women’s cervix.

57
Q

What does the TVUS allow you to see?

A

Funneling. (amniotic sac pushing in on cervix)

58
Q

What other condition is associated w/ pre-term labor?

A

Bacterial vaginosis (BV)

59
Q

what is given for women who are at risk of pre-term labor

A

17- alpha-hydroxyprogesterone

60
Q

What weeks gestation should you give corticosteroids to enhance fetal lung maturity preventing RDS?

A

24-34 weeks

61
Q

What are some tocolytics?

A

Magnesium sulfate, nifedipine (earlier)

Indomethacin, terbutaline

62
Q

What length of the baby with give you an estimate of the gestational age?

A

Crown- rump length

63
Q

What is a main reasons for post dates?

A

Inaccurate estimation of gestational age

64
Q

What is a syndrome with growth restriction, dehydration, hypoglycemia, RDS? Babie’s skin was peeling, look like old people

A

Dysmaturity Syndrome

65
Q

What is where AFI less than 5 cm, can lead to cord compression, placental insufficiency?

A

Oligohydramnios

ObGyn Lecture (21 decks)

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