8 (submandibular region and floor of mouth)

Question 1

What are the boundaries of the submandibular region

Answer 1

below the floor of the mouth and above the hyoid bone

Question 2

what connects the two bellies of the diagastric muscle

Answer 2

central tendon of digastric

Question 3

what is the central tendon of digastric held down to

Answer 3

hyoid bone

Question 4

what holds down the central tendon of digastric

Answer 4

tunnel of fascia which the tendon runs through

Question 5

what does the anterior belly of digastric attach to

Answer 5

mandible

Question 6

what happens when the anterior belly of digastric contracts

Answer 6

depends on what other muscles are contracting

Question 7

what happens when the anterior belly of digastric contracts and the jaw is fixed by other muscles

Answer 7

the hyoid bone moves up

Question 8

what happens when the anterior belly of digastric contracts and the hyoid bone is fixed by other muscles

Answer 8

the jaw opens

Question 9

what does the posterior belly of digastric attach to

Answer 9

base of the skull, medial to the mastoid process

Question 10

what muscle runs very close to the posterior belly of digastric

Answer 10

stylohyoid muscle

Question 11

what does the stylohyoid muscle attach to

Answer 11

styloid process and hyoid bone

Question 12

how does the tendon of the styloid process relate to the central tendon of the digastric

Answer 12

the tendon of the styloid process splits over the central tendon of digastric

Question 13

how many parts does the submandibular gland have

Answer 13

2 (superficial and deep)

Question 14

where is the superficial part of the submandibular gland

Answer 14

submandibular region

Question 15

where is the deep part of the submandibular gland

Answer 15

floor of the mouth

Question 16

what does the submandibular gland wrap around

Answer 16

the free edge of the mylohyoid muscle

Question 17

what is the mylohyoid muscle attached to

Answer 17

• the mylohyoid line on the mandible
• raphe in the midline
• has posterior free edge

Question 18

What is it called when there is an infection in the floor of the mouth

Answer 18

Vincent’s angina

Question 19

what is it called when the infection in the floor of the mouth tracks down into the chest

Answer 19

Ludwig’s angina

Question 20

where are the submandibular lymph nodes

Answer 20

sitting in between the mylohyoid muscle and the mandible

Question 21

what artery is just behind the hyoid bone

Answer 21

the common carotid artery

Question 22

where does the common carotid artery bifurcate into internal and external carotid arteries

Answer 22

about the level of the upper body of the thyroid cartilage

Question 23

what nerve runs towards the floor of the mouth and tongue, and runs lateral to the external carotid artery

Answer 23

hypoglossal nerve

Question 24

what branches does the external carotid artery give off in the submandibular space

Answer 24

• facial artery

- lingual artery

Question 25

where does the facial artery come off of the external carotid

Answer 25

just above the posterior belly

Question 26

describe the appearance of the facial artery

Answer 26

fairly big and twisted vessel

Question 27

where does the facial artery enter the face

Answer 27

just in front of the masseter muscle

Question 28

what separates the superficial from the deep parts of the submandibular gland

Answer 28

mylohyoid muscle

Question 29

what type of salivary gland is the submandibular gland

Answer 29

mixed

Question 30

which part of the submandibular salivary gland does the submandibular duct come from

Answer 30

the deep part

Question 31

why might the submandibular duct be a source of pain

Answer 31

-calculi forming in duct which causes pain when eating as saliva can't get out

Question 32

describe the sublingual gland

Answer 32

- elongated - lots of ducts that come out onto the floor of the mouth and onto the end of the submandibular duct - makes a smooth surface on the inner aspect of the mandible (sublingual fossa)

Question 33

what type of gland is the sublingual gland

Answer 33

mucous

Question 34

where does the lingual nerve come from

Answer 34

- infratemporal fossa

Question 35

what is the lingual nerve a continuation of

Answer 35

the posterior division of the mandibular nerve

Question 36

on which nerve is the submandibular ganglion

Answer 36

the lingual nerve

Question 37

what fibres does the lingual nerve contain

Answer 37

- general sensory (to tongue) - parasympathetic fibres as far as the submandibular ganglion (from the chorda tympani) - post ganglionic parasympathetic fibres which come out of the ganglion and go to the submandibular salivary gland (secrete saliva) - parasympathetic fibres which go to the sublingual gland (secrete saliva)

Question 38

where is the hypoglossal nerve in the floor of the mouth

Answer 38

close to the hyoid bone, underneath the submandibular duct

Question 39

what muscle attaches to the lower mental spine and the hyoid bone

Answer 39

geniohyoid muscle

Question 40

what does the geniohyoid muscle do

Answer 40

pulls he hyoid bone forward to create space in the pharynx

Question 41

where does the lingual artery disappear into the tongue

Answer 41

deep to the hyoglossus muscle

Question 42

what are the extrinsic muscles of the tongue

Answer 42

- styloglossus - hyoglossus - genioglossus - palatoglossus

Question 43

what do the extrinsic muscles of the tongue do

Answer 43

change the direction of the tongue

Question 44

what does the hyoglossus do when it contracts

Answer 44

lowers the tongue

Question 45

what does the styloglossus do when it contracts

Answer 45

pulls the tongue upwards and backwards

Question 46

what does the genioglossus do when it contracts

Answer 46

protrudes the tongue

Question 47

what does the genioglossus attach to

Answer 47

superior mental spine, fibres fan out into the tongue

Question 48

what does the palatoglossus do when it contracts

Answer 48

pulls the soft palate towards the tongue

Question 49

what are the intrinsic muscles of the tongue

Answer 49

- longitudinal - vertical - transverse

Question 50

what do the intrinsic muscles of the tongue do

Answer 50

change the shape of the tongue

Question 51

what do the longitudinal muscles do when they contract

Answer 51

make the tongue short and curl

Question 52

what do the vertical muscles do when they contract

Answer 52

make the tongue thin and flat

Question 53

what do the transverse muscles do when they contract

Answer 53

pulls in the sides of the tongue to make it fatter

Question 54

what tongue muscle is not supplied by the hypoglossal nerve

Answer 54

palatoglossus

Question 55

what supplies the palatoglossus

Answer 55

the vagus nerve

Question 56

if a tongue is smooth what might this suggest

Answer 56

patient is anaemic

Question 57

if tongue is blue what might this suggest

Answer 57

respiratory problem