thalamus and hypothalamus Flashcards
hypothalamus: recall the functions of the hypothalamus and interactions with the endocrine and autonomic systems and the brain controlling mood and behavior
significance of thalamus and hypothalamus being very close to pituitary gland and brainstem
interacts with endocrine and autonomic systems in control of mood and behaviour
coronal section of human brain: location of hypothalamus in relation to third ventricle
walls and floor of third ventricle
what divides the hypothalamus into 2
third ventricle
what is the hypothalamus anatomically
collection of individual nuclei with distinct functions
where is hypothalamus in relation to optic chiasm, and which nuclei lies just above optic chiasm
just behind optic chiasm, just above is supraoptic nucleus
what type of connections are the majority of hypothalamic neurones involved in
ipsilateral (same side) connections with other nuclei
what 4 things is hypothalamus involved in
fighting, fleeing, feeding, mating
what does the hypothalamus have direct connections with
autonomic nervous system
what else does the hypothalamus have connections with
endocrine systems (e.g. hypothalamic-pituitary axis)
function of hypothalamus and relation to therapeutic treatments
control of behavious (e.g. feeding using lectin and other peptides; e.g. laser stimulation on hypothalamus on GLP1 peptide expression can be used in anti-obesity treatment)
where is the paraventricular nucleus located in the hypothalamus
very medial (lateral to and in middle of third ventricle)
where does paraventricular nucleus send projections to
autonomic nervous system (parvocellular - secretory that project to median eminence) and posterior pituitary gland (magnocellular - secretory that project to posterior pituitary)
evidence that paraventricular nucleus is involved in feeding behaviour
lesions cause hyperphagia and weight gain
paraventricular nucleus: what results in feeding
optogenetic stimulation of GABAergic LH neuron terminals from hypothalamic nuclei in paraventricular nucleus results in feeding
where is the suprachiasmatic nucleus located within the hypothalamus
anterior medial ventral, just above pituitary gland; very near to supraoptic nucleus
