Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

2nd Semester Final > Diastolic Dysfunction Lecture Powerpoint > Flashcards

Diastolic Dysfunction Lecture Powerpoint Flashcards

fuck

1
Q

Diastolic Heart failure is also known as…

A

…heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFPEF)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Diastolic dysfunction is ____ most commonly in patients

A

Asymptomatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Young patients are likely to experience ____ type of heart failure, while older patients are likely to experience ____

A

systolic, diastolic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Diastolic heart failure symptoms (5)

A
  • dyspnea***
  • pulmonary edema
  • left sided heart failure symptoms
  • Elevated BNP
  • Evidence of increased ventricular wall thickness on echo
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Diastolic heart failure causes (3)

A
  • chronic hypertension** with LVH
  • Aortic stenosis with LVH
  • ischemic heart disease
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Diastolic dysfunction is a source of….

A

…..atrial fibrillation, atrial fib is poorly tolerated in diastolic heart failure (diastolic heart failure does not tolerate tachycardia well)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Diastolic heart failure involves a ____ ventricle, and has a drop in ____ because of decreased ____

A

Stiff (noncompliant), stroke volume, end diastolic volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Diastolic dysfunction definition

A

Abnormal cardiac relaxation, filling, or distensibility resulting in elevating filling pressure being needed to achieve normal ventricular filling (to normal EDV), often done thru the RAAS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Differential diagnosis of diastolic heart failure (3)

A
  • obesity
  • lung disease
  • volume overload
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Physical exam finding of diastolic heart failure

A

S4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Laboratory studies for diastolic heart failure (4)

A
  • Echo***
  • BNP
  • EKG (LVH, left atrial hypertrophy)
  • CXR
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

1 drug treatment for hypertension

A

ACEI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

It is important not to use ____ in treating systolic heart failure, but can use them in diastolic heart failure

A

Non-hydropyridine Ca2+ channel blockers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Cardiomyopathy definition

A

General term indicating disease of cardiac muscle resulting in abnormal function not due to hypertension, ischemic disease, or valvular disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Ischemic cardiomyopathy

A

A pseudocardiomyopathy that is the leading cause of heart failure in developed countries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

List the true cardiomyopathies (4)

A
  • dilated (ventricular dilation)
  • hypertrophic (myocardial hypertrophy)
  • Restrictive (impaired filling due to fibrosis)
  • Arrhythmogenic right ventricular (uhh skip this)
17
Q

Dilated cardiomyopathy

A

Most common true cardiomyopathy, characterized by dilation and impaired systolic function of right or left ventricle globally, 50% of cases unknown etiology, others include viral infection or familial inheritance

18
Q

Dilated cardiomyopathy clinical features (4)

A
  • both R/L heart failure
  • arrhythmia
  • thrombus
  • S3
19
Q

Dilated cardiomyopathy treatment options (5)

A
  • B blockers
  • ACEI
  • Diuretics
  • Cardiac resyncronization therapy
  • Transplant
20
Q

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

A

Unexplained myocardial hypertrophy disproportional to hemodynamic load with disarray of muscle fibers, inherited in most cases, most common cardiovascular cause of death in athletes

21
Q

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy differs from left ventricular hypertrophy in that….

A

….it is disproportional to hemodynamic load and asymmetrical

22
Q

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy clinical features (4)

A
  • dyspnea
  • chest pain
  • syncope
  • sudden death
23
Q

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy diagnostic studies (2)

A
  • echo is diagnostic

- EKG

24
Q

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy treatment options (3)

A
  • automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillator (AICD)
  • Myectomy
  • Catheter directed alcohol ablation
25
Q

Restrictive cardiomyopathy

A

Restrictive ventricular filling and reduced diastolic volumes with normal or near normal wall thickness, uncommon in IS and presents with diastolic dysfunction (poor prognosis)

26
Q

Restrictive cardiomyopathy causes (3)

A
  • amyloidosis
  • sarcoidosis
  • drug induced fibrosis
27
Q

Restrictive cardiomyopathy clinical presentation (3)

A
  • Dyspnea
  • Fatigue
  • Elevated venous pressures (both sides of heart equally effective)
28
Q

Restrictive cardiomyopathy diagnostic studies (3)

A
  • EKG low voltage
  • Echo
  • biopsy
29
Q

Restrictive cardiomyopathy may present similar to…

A

…restrictive pericarditis

30
Q

Amyloidosis and what 2 cardiomyopathies is it seen with? What characteristic feature does it present with?

A

Abnormal proteins produced by plasma cells in bone marrow, deposit in tissues and organs and cause structural and functional damage

  • seen with hypertrophy and restrictive cardiomyopathy
  • Low voltage on EKG despite hypertrophy on echo (nonconductive tissue)
31
Q

Hemochromatosis and what two cardiomyopathies is it seen with?

A
  • Inherited disorder of iron metabolism causing overload and accumulation in different organs of the body
  • Dilated or restricted cardiomyopathy

2nd Semester Final (207 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions