1-Approaches to studying learning

Question 1

associationists

Answer 1

philosophers who developed early theories about how people learn to associate separate thoughts or ideas as a result of their experiences

Question 2

philosophers who developed early theories about how people learn to associate separate thoughts or ideas as a result of their experiences

Answer 2

associationists

Question 3

Aristotle’s three principles

Answer 3

contiguity: more closely together in space or time more likely the thought of one item would lead to another
similarity: one concept often leads to the thought of similar concepts
contrast: an item often leads to the thought of its opposite

Question 4

British associationsists

Answer 4

belief that every person acquires all knowledge empirically, through experience

Question 5

belief that every person acquires all knowledge empirically, through experience

Answer 5

British associationsists

Question 6

Ebbinghaus’ experiments on memory

Answer 6

effects of repetition
effects of time
role of contiguity

Question 7

effects of repetition

Answer 7

continuing to study past perfect recitation means remembering it longer and better

Question 8

continuing to study past perfect recitation means remembering it longer and better

Answer 8

effects of repetition

Question 9

effects of time

Answer 9

the more recently two items have been paired, the stronger will be the association between them

Question 10

the more recently two items have been paired, the stronger will be the association between them

Answer 10

effects of time

Question 11

role of contiguity

Answer 11

the more closely together two items are presented, the better will the thought of one time lead to the thought of the other

Question 12

the more closely together two items are presented, the better will the thought of one time lead to the thought of the other

Answer 12

role of contiguity

Question 13

cognitive psychology

Answer 13

makes use of theories about processes that take place inside the head that cannot be observed directly

Question 14

makes use of theories about processes that take place inside the head that cannot be observed directly

Answer 14

cognitive psychology

Question 15

neuroscience

Answer 15

study of the nervous system

Question 16

study of the nervous system

Answer 16

neuroscience

Question 17

cell body

Answer 17

part of a neuron that contains the nucleus

Question 18

part of a neuron that contains the nucleus

Answer 18

cell body

Question 19

dendrites

Answer 19

receptive side of a neuron that is sensitive to transmitters

Question 20

receptive side of a neuron that is sensitive to transmitters

Answer 20

dendrites

Question 21

axons

Answer 21

transmits electrical pulses when the neuron is stimulated

Question 22

transmits electrical pulses when the neuron is stimulated

Answer 22

axons

Question 23

neurotransmitters

Answer 23

chemical released at the end of a nerve across synapses

Question 24

chemical released at the end of a nerve across synapses

Answer 24

neurotransmitters

Question 25

synapse

Answer 25

the gap between nerve cells

Question 26

the gap between nerve cells

Answer 26

synapse

Question 27

receptors

Answer 27

contact with external environment

Question 28

contact with external environment

Answer 28

receptors

Question 29

visual feature detection

Answer 29

each neuron responds to a specific visual stimulus

Question 30

each neuron responds to a specific visual stimulus

Answer 30

visual feature detection

Question 31

long-term potentiation

Answer 31

the increase in the strength of excitatory synapses as a result of electrical stimulation

Question 32

the increase in the strength of excitatory synapses as a result of electrical stimulation

Answer 32

long-term potentiation

Question 33

arborization

Answer 33

branching of the dendrites

Question 34

branching of the dendrites

Answer 34

aborization

Question 35

neurogenesis

Answer 35

the growth of new neurons

Question 36

the growth of new neurons

Answer 36

neurogenesis

Question 37

storage of “complex ideas”

Answer 37

what happens when two or more simple ideas are combined

red and rectangle will form complex idea of a brick

James Mill