PA Antihistamines (Exam #3) Flashcards
Which specific group of Antihistamines should be 100% avoided with BPH, and why? What other class of drugs should be avoided with BPH?
What is the 1st line tx in this case?
1st Gen AH can trigger urinary retention
- Also Decongestants
- 1st line = ICS
For what two conditions are 1st Gen AHs preferred, and why (2)?
- Motion sickness
- Insomnia
Offer sedation and act on muscarinic receptors
Which group of Antihistamines should be avoided with increased ICP (Glaucoma)? What other two classes of drugs should be avoided with increased ICP?
ALL AH
- Also Decongestants and Steroids
What are the general AEs associated with AHs?
Anticholinergics (“red as a beet, dry as a bone, blind as a bat, mad as a hatter, hot as a hare”)
How do 1st Gen AHs differ from 2nd Gen AHs (2)?
- 1st Gen = sedation, SHORT-acting
- 2nd Gen = less sedating, LONG-acting
What is the one exception to the 2nd Gen AHs being less sedating?
Cetirizine (Zyrtec)
What are the two possible uses of H2 Blockers?
- Mostly GI uses
- Urticaria if combined with H1 Blockers
What are the three administrations of AHs?
- Oral
- Nasal Spray
- Eye Drops
What are the five RF associated with use of 1st Gen AHs?
- BPH
- Increased ICP (Glaucoma)
- Very young
- Very old
- High-risk occupations
What is the recommended tx for Anaphylaxis (3)?
Epi + AHs + Steroids
What AE of Anaphylaxis tx should always be considered, and how do you avoid this?
Rebound (sxs can return after Epi injection)
- Prescribe Epi-Pen at discharge
What generally defines Anaphylaxis?
Affects 1+ body parts at the same time
What are six examples of 1st Gen AHs?
- Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
- Dimenhydrinate (Dramamine)
- Promethazine (Phenergan)
- Chlorpheniramine (Chlor-Trimeton)
- Meclizine (Antivert)
- Hydroxyzine
What are three examples of 2nd Gen AHs?
- Loratadine (Claritin)
- Cetirizine (Zyrtec)
- Fexofenadine (Allegra)
What are two examples of H2 Blockers?
- Ranitidine (Zantac)
- Famotidine (Pepcid)
