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NURS 804: Pharmacology > Unit 1: Basics > Flashcards

Unit 1: Basics Flashcards

1
Q

Pharmacology

A

Study of substances that interact with living systems via chemical processes

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2
Q

Medical pharmacology

A 
Science of substances used to 
— Prevent
— Diagnose
— Treat 
disease
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3
Q

Pharmacogenomics

A

Relation of individual’s genetic makeup to his/her response to specific drugs

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4
Q

Drug

A

Any substance that brings about change in biologic function through its actions

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5
Q

Agonist

A

Drug that activates a target molecule by binding to a receptor

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6
Q

Antagonist

A

Drug that inhibits a target molecule by binding to a receptor

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7
Q

Receptor

A

Molecule on a cell that is a target for drugs

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8
Q

Osmotic agents

A

Interact almost exclusively with water molecules

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9
Q

Hormones

A

Dugs synthesized within the body

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10
Q

xenobiotics

A

Drugs synthesized not in the body

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11
Q

Toxins

A

Poisons of biologic origin

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12
Q

Chiral molecules

A

Mirror images

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13
Q

Pharmacodynamics

A

Actions of drug on body

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14
Q

Pharmacokinetic

A

Actions of body on drug

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15
Q

4 Types of drug interactions with receptors

A
  1. Agonist
  2. Competitive inhibitor
  3. Allosteric activator
  4. Allosteric inhibitor
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16
Q

Allosteric

A

Separate site from receptor site

17
Q

Full agonist

A

Can activate receptor-effector systems to maximum extent

18
Q

Partial agonist

A

No matter how high the concentration, does not evoke the same response

19
Q

Neutral antagonist

A

Drug that binds to receptor and appears to have no effect

HOWEVER, presence of antagonist at receptor will block access for agonists, preventing usual agonist effect

20
Q

Ligand

A

Drug molecule

21
Q

Prodrug

A

Inactive precursor chemical
Readily absorbed
Biologic processes in body convert prodrug to active drug

22
Q

ADME

A

— Absorption
— Distribution
— Metabolism
— Excretion

23
Q

A pair of CHIRAL molecules is called ________

A

Enantiomeric

24
Q

Rational Drug Design

A

Ability to predict structure of a drug based on what is known about its receptor

25
Q

What properties determine how a drug is classified?

A

Pharmacodynamic

26
Q

Inverse agonists prefer which receptors?

A

R sub i (the inactive receptor)

As opposed to R sub a, the active receptor

27
Q

What effect does an inverse agonist have?

A

An opposite effect than what an agonist has

28
Q

Characteristics of a Receptor

A

Must be selective regarding ligands and must alter biologic system

29
Q

Competitive inhibitor

A

blocks agonist

30
Q

Allosteric activator

A

increases binding of agonist
OR
increases its efficacy

31
Q

Allosteric inhibitor

A

decreases response to agonist

NURS 804: Pharmacology (42 decks)

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