9-2

Question 1

What are the three layers of the meninges?

Answer 1

• Dura mater
• Arachnoid Mater
• Pia Mater

Question 2

Where is the subarachnoid space located?

Answer 2

• between the arachnoid and pia matter

- Filled with CSF

Question 3

What does the epidural space contain?

Answer 3

-Contains fat which helps protect and coushin

Question 4

Where does the spinal cord begin and end?

Answer 4

At the end of the Medulla Oblongata and ends at L2

Question 5

What are the two grooves that divide the spinal cord?

Answer 5

Anterior median fissure

Posterior medial sulcus

Question 6

Define a root in regards to neurological system:

Answer 6

-Are two bundles of axons that connect each spinal nerve to a segment of the cord

Question 7

What is your posterior or dorsal root responsible for?

Answer 7

Sensory function (Afferent)

Question 8

What is your anterior or ventral root responsible for?

Answer 8

Motor function (Efferent)

Question 9

What is the purpose of the lateral grey horn and what is its purpose?

Answer 9

• Found in thoracic and lumbar regions

- autonomic motor function of cardiac , smooth muscles and glands

Question 10

What is an example of the sensory tract?

Answer 10

Spinothalamic Tract

Question 11

What is an example of a motor tract?

Answer 11

Corticospinal

Question 12

How man pairs of cervical nerves are there?

Answer 12

8 pairs

Question 13

How many pairs of thoracic nerves are there?

Answer 13

12

Question 14

How man pairs of lumbar pairs are there?

Answer 14

5 pairs

Question 15

How many pairs of sacral nerves are there?

Answer 15

5 pairs

Question 16

How many pairs of coccyx nerves are there?

Answer 16

1 pair

Question 17

What are fascicles wrapped in?

Answer 17

-perineurium

Question 18

What is the superficial covering over the entire entire nerve?

Answer 18

Epineurium

Question 19

What is the cervical plexus responsible for?

Answer 19

-posterior head, neck, upper part of the shoulder and the diaphragm

Question 20

What is the brachial plexus responsible for?

Answer 20

upper limbs, some neck and shoulder muscles

Question 21

What is the lumbar plexus responsible for?

Answer 21

Abdominal wall, external genitals and parts of lower limbs

Question 22

What is the sacral plexus responsible for?

Answer 22

Buttocks, perineum and most of lower limbs

L4-S3

Question 23

What nerves are called intercostal nerves?

Answer 23

T2-T11

Question 24

What is the purpose of the blood brain barrier?

Answer 24

To protect the brain from harmful substances and pathogens

Question 25

What things are allowed to pass through the blood brain barrier?

Answer 25

O2, CO2 alcohol, anesthesia

Question 26

Where is CSF made and where is it reabsorbed?

Answer 26

- Made in the choroid Plexus | - Reabsorbed into blood through arachnoid villi

Question 27

What are the three parts of the brain stem?

Answer 27

Midbrain, Pons, Medulla oblingata

Question 28

What does the Diencephalon consist of?

Answer 28

-Thalamus, Hypothalamus, pineal gland

Question 29

What is another name for the cerebellum and what is its purpose?

Answer 29

- little brain | - balance and equilibrium, proprioception

Question 30

What is the purpose of the cerebrum?

Answer 30

Largest part of the brain | motor function, memory, intellengence

Question 31

What is the purpose of the medulla oblongata?

Answer 31

- Contains all sensory and motor tracts - Cardiovascular center - medullary rhythmic area regulates breathing - vibration sensation - cranial nerves 8-12

Question 32

What is the purpose of the Pons?

Answer 32

- called the bridge (connects the medulla and midbrain) - CONNECTS left and right hemispheres - relays messages from cerebrum to cerebellum - breathing responsibilities

Question 33

What is the purpose of the midbrain?

Answer 33

- Connects pons and Diencephalon - Holds cerebral peduncles - associated with CN 3-4

Question 34

What is the purpose of the Thalamus?

Answer 34

- MAJOR SENSORY relay center | - plays role in consciousness

Question 35

What is the purpose of the hypothalamus?

Answer 35

- control pituitary and hormones' production - regulate emotional behavior - control integration to ANS - eating and drinking - body temperature - circadian rhythms

Question 36

What is the purpose of the Pineal gland?

Answer 36

-Secrets melatonin

Question 37

What is the purpose of the cerebellum?

Answer 37

- sensory input from muscles - compares actual movements and intended ones - smooth and coordinate skeletal muscle - posture and balance

Question 38

What is the longitudinal fissure

Answer 38

- Divides the cerebrum into right and left cerebral hemispheres

Question 39

What is the Corpus Callosum?

Answer 39

Broad band of white matter containing axons that connects the right and left spheres internally

Question 40

What is the Basal Ganglia and its purpose?

Answer 40

3-Deep gray nuclei | -assist in motor control, emotions, behavior, executive functions

Question 41

How many lobes does each hemisphere have?

Answer 41

- 4 | - Frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital

Question 42

What does precentral gyrus mean?

Answer 42

-anterior to the central sulcus (primarily motor)

Question 43

What does post central gyrus mean?

Answer 43

posterior to the central sulcus (Primary sensory area)

Question 44

What are some responsibilities of the cerebral cortex?

Answer 44

memory, emotions, reasoning, will, judgement, personality and intelligence

Question 45

Where can the gustatory taste area located?

Answer 45

at the base of the post central gyrus