9: MOVEMENT + MUSCLE ACTIONS Flashcards by Holly Gisborne

What is tranverse plane of movement

Splits the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower). Any movement that rotates

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What movements take place in the tranverse plane

Rotation
Pronation
Supination
Horizontal flexion
Horizontal extension

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What is sagittal plane of movement

Splits the body between left and right

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What movements take place in the sagittal plane

flexion
extension
plantar flexion
dorsi flexion

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What is frontal plane of movement

Splits body between anterior (front) and posterior (back)

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What movements take place in the frontal plane

Abduction
Adduction
Elevation
Depression
Invasion / exersion

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What is an agonist

prime mover, the main muscle responsible for movement

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What is an antagonist

The opposite muscle to the agonist. It relaxes when the agonist is contracting, allowing movement to occur at the joint

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What is the synergist

Other muscles which may join in and help the agonist with it’s movements

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What is a fixator

Where a muscle contracts statically to fix parts of the body to maintain correct or stable position

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A muscle can only pull (not push) true or false

True

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A skeletal muscle crosses at least one joint true or false

true

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A muscle can only work in it’s line of fibre true or false

true

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What is the origin and insertion of the bicep

Origin: Scapula
Insertion: Radius

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What joints does the bicep cross

Elbow and shoulder

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What is the action of the bicep

Flexes the elbow, supinates (rotate so palm is up) forearm

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What is the origin and insertion of the tricep

Origin: Scapula and humerus
Insertion: Ulna

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What joints does the tricep cross

Elbow and shoulder

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What is the action of the tricep

Extends the elbow

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What is the origin and insertion of the deltoid muscle

Origin: Clavicle and scapula
Insertion: Humerus

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What joints does the deltoid cross

Shoulder

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What is the action of the deltoid

abducts arm, assists in shoulder rotation

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What is the origin and insertion of lats

Origin: Lumbar and sacral vertebrae, and thoracic vertebrae 7-12
Insertion: humerus

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What joints do lats cross

Shoulder

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What is the action of the lats

Adducts, extends and inwardly rotates the shoulder

What is the origin and insertion of rhomboids

Origin: 7th cervical vertebra and thoracic vertebrae 1-5 Insertion: Scapula

What joints does the rhomboid cross

Shoulder girdle

What is the action of the rhomboids

Retracts shoulder girdle, inwardly rotates scapula

What is the origin and insertion of traps

Origin: 7th cervical vertebra and all thoracic vertebrae Insertion: Clavicle and scapula

What joints do traps cross

shoulder girdle

Action of traps

elevates shoulders and extends neck, retract scapula, depress scapula

Origin and insertion of pec major

Origin: Clavicle and sternum Insertion: Humerus

Pec major joints crossed

Shoulder girdle

Action of pec major

Horizontal flexion, adduction and inward rotation of the arm

Origin and insertion of transverse abdominis

Origin: iliac crest, lumbar fascia and cartilage of interior ribs Insertion: Xiphoid process (distal edge of sternum), linea alba and pubic symphysis

Transverse abdominis joints crossed

Lumbar vertebrae

Transverse abdominis action

pull abdomen in for posture and spine support

Origin and insertion of rectus abdominis

Origin: Pubis Insertion: Ribs

Rectus abdominis joints crossed

Thoracic and lumbar vertebrae

Rectus abdominis action

flexes thoracic and lumbar spine

Erector spine origin and insertion

Origin: Sacrum, ilium to thorax Insertion: ribs, vertebra to base of skull

Erector spine joints crossed

vertebrae of spine

Erector spine action

extends the spine, rotates the thoracic spine

origin and insertion or external obliques

Origin: lower ribs Insertion: Ilium

external obliques joints crossed

vertebrae of spine

External obliques fibre direction

diagonal

External obliques action

Laterally flexes and rotates thoracic spine

Internal obliques origin and insertion

Origin: Ilium Insertion: Lower ribs

Internal obliques joints crossed

torso and pelvis

Internal oblique action

laterally flexes and rotates thoracic spine

Iliopsoas (inner hip) origin and insertion

Origin: lumbar vertebra and ilium Insertion: Femur

Iliopsoas joints crossed

hip

Iliopsoas action

flexes the hip

Glutes origin and insertion

Origin: ilium and sacrum Insertion: Femur

Glutes joints crossed

Hip

Glutes action

extends and outwardly rotates the hip

Abductor origin and insertion

Origin: ilium and sacrum Insertion: Femure

Abductor joints crossed

Hip

Abductor action

abduct and outwardly rotate the hip

Hamstring origin and insertion

origin: ischium Insertion: tibia and fibia

hamstring joints crossed

hip and knee

hamstring action

extends the hip, flexes the knee

Tibialis anterior (front of tibia) origin and insertion

origin: tibia Insertion: 1st metatarsal

tibialis anterior joints crossed

Ankles

tibialis anterior action

dorsiflexes in the ankle

adductor origin and insertion

origin: pubis and ischium Insertion: femur

adductor joints crossed

hip

adductor action

adduct and inwardly rotate hip

quads origin and insertion

origin: femur and ilium insertion: tibia

quads joints crossed

hip and knee

quads action

extends the knee

gastrocnemius (calf) origin and insertion

origin: femur insertion: calcaneus (heel)

gastrocnemius (calf) joints crossed

ankle and knee