A&P Chapter 10

Question 1

Origin

Answer 1

fixed end

proximal portion of muscle

Question 2

Insertion

Answer 2

mobile end

Distal end of muscle

Question 3

Belly

Answer 3

portion between origin and insertion.

Question 4

Action

Answer 4

movement accomplished when contracted

Question 5

Agonist

Answer 5

muscle that does certain movements

Question 6

Antagonist

Answer 6

muscle that opposes agonist

Question 7

Synergist

Answer 7

muscles working together for a movement

Question 8

Pennate

Answer 8

Fasciculi arranged around tendon

Question 9

Straight

Answer 9

fasciculi arranged parallel to long axis

Question 10

Orbicular

Answer 10

arranged in a circular around the opening.

Question 11

Flexion

Answer 11

muscles deep within the neck along the anterior margins of the vertebral bodies.

Question 12

Extension

Answer 12

posterior neck muscles attach attached to occipital bone.

Question 13

Rotation and Abduction

Answer 13

lateral and posterior groups.

Question 14

occipitofrontalis

Answer 14

raises the eyebrows

Question 15

orbicularis oculi

Answer 15

closes the eyelids

Question 16

zygomaticus major

Answer 16

smiling

Question 17

Mentalis

Answer 17

chin dimple

Question 18

Mastication

Answer 18

chewing

Question 19

Tongue movement

Answer 19

Intrinsic muscles: entirely within the tongue, involved in changing the shape of the tongue.
Extrinsic muscle: attached to the tongue; moves the tongue.

Question 20

Palatopharyngeus

Answer 20

elevates the pharynx

Question 21

Salpingopharyngeus

Answer 21

constricts pharynx to force food into esophagus.

opens to auditory tube between pharynx and inner ear.

Question 22

Scalene

Answer 22

lifts 1st and 2nd ribs during forced breathing.

Question 23

External Intercostals

Answer 23

lift ribs during resting breathing

Question 24

Internal Intercostals

Answer 24

depress ribs during forced exhalation

Question 25

Diaphragm

Answer 25

dome shaped muscle that flattens during contraction. Cannot survive without it and phrenic nerve.

Question 26

Linea Alba

Answer 26

vertical line of connective tissue

Question 27

Tendinous intersection

Answer 27

transects rectus abdominus into segments.

Question 28

External abdominal obliques

Answer 28

flexes and rotates abdomen

Question 29

Internal abdominal obliques

Answer 29

flexes and rotates abdomen

Question 30

Transversus abdominus

Answer 30

compresses abdominal wall.

Question 31

Pelvic Diaphragm

Answer 31

coccygeus and levator ani(reproduction)

Question 32

Perineum

Answer 32

diamond shaped; urogenital triangle and anal triangle.

Question 33

Extension of the Elbow

Answer 33

triceps brachii

Question 34

Flexion of the elbow

Answer 34

brachialis, biceps brachii, and brachioradialis

Question 35

supination

Answer 35

supinator (up)

Question 36

pronation

Answer 36

pronator(down)

Question 37

Retinacula

Answer 37

bands of deep fascia, which hold tendons of muscles of forearm, blood vessels, and nerves.close to wrist.

Question 38

Illiopoas

Answer 38

Flex the hip. Consists of illiacus and psoas major.

Question 39

Gluteus maximus

Answer 39

buttocks; maximus force at a 45 degree angle.

Question 40

Quadriceps Femoris

Answer 40

anterior surface of thigh - extension of the leg of the knee - rectus femoris also flexes the hip - insert by common tendonon and around the patella - patellar tendon extends from patella to tibial tuberosity.

Question 41

Sartorius

Answer 41

flexes the hip and knee, laterlly rotates thigh.

Question 42

Medial thigh muscles

Answer 42

adduction

Question 43

posterior thigh muscle

Answer 43

hamstrings. Flexion and rotation of the knee.

Question 44

Calf

Answer 44

Gastrocnemious and soleus

Question 45

Achilles tendon

Answer 45

``` Calcaneal tendon (anchored) - involved in plantar flexion of the foot. ```