A&P Quiz #4: Study Guide Questions from Chapters 28, 29, 30, and 46 Flashcards
1
Q
- The visceral pericardium is found:
a. inside the fibrous pericardium.
b. adhering to the surface of the heart.
c. lining the inside of the chambers of the heart.
d. comprising the bulk of the heart tissue.
A
- b. adhering to the surface of the heart.
p. 642
Chapter 28: The Heart
2
Q
- The correct layers of the heart, from superficial to deep, are:
a. myocardium, pericardium, endocardium.
b. epicardium, myocardium, pericardium.
c. epicardium, myocardium, endocardium.
d. endocardium, myocardium, epicardium.
A
- c. epicardium, myocardium, endocardium.
p. 642
Chapter 28: The Heart
3
Q
- The atrioventricular valves are also called:
a. cuspid valves.
b. semilunar valves.
c. aortic valves.
d. pulmonary valves.
A
- a. cuspid valves.
p. 643
Chapter 28: The Heart
4
Q
- Respectively, the right and left atrioventricular valves are also referred to as:
a. tricuspid, mitral.
b. bicuspid, tricuspid.
c. mitral, bicuspid.
d. bicuspid, mitral.
A
- a. tricuspid, mitral.
p. 644
Chapter 28: The Heart
5
Q
- Semilunar valves prevent backflow of blood into the:
a. atria.
b. lungs.
c. vena cava.
d. ventricles.
A
- d. ventricles.
p. 645
Chapter 28: The Heart
6
Q
- The most abundant blood supply goes to the:
a. right atrium.
b. right ventricle.
c. left atrium.
d. left ventricle.
A
- d. left ventricle.
p. 648
Chapter 28: The Heart
7
Q
- Branching of an artery as it progresses from proximal to distal is called:
a. ischemia.
b. infarction.
c. anastomosis.
d. both a and c.
A
- c. anastomosis.
p. 648
Chapter 28: The Heart
8
Q
- The cavity of the heart that normally has the thickest wall is the:
a. right atrium.
b. right ventricle.
c. left atrium.
d. left ventricle.
A
- d. left ventricle.
p. 643
Chapter 28: The Heart
9
Q
- Which of the following is a semilunar valve?
a. aortic
b. pulmonary
c. mitral
d. both a and b
A
- d. both a and b
p. 644
Chapter 28: The Heart
10
Q
- The pacemaker of the heart is/are the:
a. AV bundle.
b. SA node.
c. bundle of His.
d. Purkinje fibers.
A
- b. SA node.
p. 649
Chapter 28: The Heart
11
Q
- A tiny bump at the end of a T wave is usually:
a. an indicator of an imminent cardiac attack.
b. a U wave.
c. indicative of a murmur.
d. a sign of hyperkalemia.
A
- b. a U wave.
p. 653
Chapter 28: The Heart
12
Q
- The normal pattern of impulse conduction through the heart is:
a. AV node, SA node, AV bundle, Purkinje fibers.
b. SA node, AV node, AV bundle, Purkinje fibers.
c. AV bundle, AV node, SA node, Purkinje fibers.
d. AV node, SA node, Purkinje fibers, AV bundle.
A
- b. SA node, AV node, AV bundle, Purkinje fibers.
p. 649
Chapter 28: The Heart
13
Q
- An ECG P wave represents:
a. depolarization of the atria.
b. repolarization of the atria.
c. depolarization of the ventricles.
d. repolarization of the ventricles.
A
- a. depolarization of the atria.
p. 653
Chapter 28: The Heart
14
Q
- Repolarization of the atria is:
a. clearly depicted by the QRS complex.
b. masked by the massive ventricular depolarization.
c. masked by the massive ventricular repolarization.
d. none of the above.
A
- b. masked by the massive ventricular depolarization.
p. 653
Chapter 28: The Heart
15
Q
- Contraction of the ventricles produces:
a. the first heart sound (lub).
b. the second heart sound (dupp).
c. both of these.
d. none of these.
A
- a. the first heart sound (lub).
p. 655
Chapter 28: The Heart
16
Q
- The superior vena cava carries blood to the:
a. left ventricle.
b. coronary arteries.
c. right atrium.
d. pulmonary veins.
A
- c. right atrium.
p. 647
Chapter 28: The Heart
17
Q
- Which of the following statements is false regarding pericarditis?
a. It may be caused by infection or trauma.
b. It often causes severe chest pain.
c. It may result in impairment of the pumping action of the heart.
d. All of the above statements are true.
A
- d. All of the above statements are true.
p. 656
Chapter 28: The Heart
18
Q
- The outside covering that surrounds and protects the heart is called the:
a. endocardium.
b. myocardium.
c. pericardium.
d. ectocardium.
A
- c. pericardium.
p. 642
Chapter 28: The Heart
19
Q
- A valve that permits blood to flow from the right ventricle into the pulmonary artery is called the:
a. tricuspid.
b. mitral.
c. aortic semilunar.
d. pulmonary semilunar.
A
- d. pulmonary semilunar.
p. 644
Chapter 28: The Heart
20
Q
- A common type of vascular disease that occludes arteries by lipids and other substances is:
a. an aneurysm.
b. atherosclerosis.
c. varicose veins.
d. thrombophlebitis.
A
- b. atherosclerosis.
p. 657
Chapter 28: The Heart
21
Q
- The aorta carries blood out of the:
a. right atrium.
b. right ventricle.
c. left atrium.
d. left ventricle.
A
- d. left ventricle.
p. 670
Chapter 29: Blood Vessels
22
Q
- The superior vena cava returns blood to the:
a. left atrium.
b. left ventricle.
c. right atrium.
d. right ventricle.
A
- c. right atrium.
p. 670
Chapter 29: Blood Vessels
23
Q
- Blood returns from the lungs during pulmonary circulation via the:
a. pulmonary artery.
b. pulmonary veins.
c. aorta.
d. inferior vena cava.
A
- b. pulmonary veins.
p. 671
Chapter 29: Blood Vessels
24
Q
- The hepatic portal circulation serves the body by:
a. removing excess glucose and storing it in the liver as glycogen.
b. detoxifying blood.
c. assisting the body to maintain proper blood glucose.
d. all of the above.
A
- d. all of the above.
p. 686
Chapter 29: Blood Vessels
25
16. Which of the following is not an artery?
a. femoral
b. popliteal
c. coronary
d. inferior vena cava
16. d. inferior vena cava
p. 685
Chapter 29: Blood Vessels
26
23. The structure used to bypass the liver in the fetal circulation is the:
a. foramen ovale.
b. ductus venosus.
c. ductus arteriosus.
d. umbilical vein.
23. b. ductus venosus.
p. 688
Chapter 29: Blood Vessels
27
24. The foramen ovale serves the fetal circulation by:
a. connecting the aorta and the pulmonary artery.
b. shunting blood from the right atrium directly into the left atrium.
c. bypassing the liver.
d. bypassing the lungs.
24. b. shunting blood from the right atrium directly into the left atrium.
p. 689
Chapter 29: Blood Vessels
28
25. The structure used to connect the aorta and pulmonary artery in the fetal circulation is the:
a. ductus arteriosus.
b. ductus venosus.
c. aorta.
d. foramen ovale.
25. a. ductus arteriosus.
p. 689
Chapter 29: Blood Vessels
29
44. Hemorrhoids can best be described as:
a. varicose veins.
b. varicose veins in the rectum.
c. thrombophlebitis of the rectum.
d. clot formation in the rectum.
44. b. varicose veins in the rectum.
p. 69
Chapter 29: Blood Vessels
30
45. All of the following are major branches of the aortic arch except:
a. the left common carotid artery.
b. the left subclavian artery.
c. the coronary arteries.
d. the brachiocephalic arte
45. c. the coronary arteries.
p. 67
Chapter 29: Blood Vessels
31
46. Smooth muscle in blood vessels is located in the:
a. tunica adventitia.
b. tunica media.
c. tunica intima.
d. all of the above.
46. b. tunica media.
p. 670
Chapter 29: Blood Vessels
32
47. Structures that control the direction of blood returning to the heart are:
a. capillaries.
b. valves.
c. arterioles.
d. venules.
47. b. valves.
p. 669
Chapter 29: Blood Vessels
33
48. The large veins of the cranial cavity, formed by the dura mater, are not usually called veins but are instead called:
a. sinuses.
b. venules.
c. foramens.
d. branche
48. a. sinuses.
p. 681
Chapter 29: Blood Vessels
34
1. The term used to describe a collection of mechanisms that influence the active and changing circulation of blood is:
a. perfusion.
b. cardiac output.
c. stroke volume.
d. hemodynamics.
1. d. hemodynamics.
p. 700
Chapter 30: The Circulation of Blood
35
2. Blood flows because of:
a. a pressure gradient.
b. Fick’s formula.
c. inotropic factors.
d. the ejection fraction.
2. a. a pressure gradient.
p. 700
Chapter 30: The Circulation of Blood
36
3. The greatest drop in pressure occurs as blood goes through the:
a. arteries.
b. arterioles.
c. venules.
d. veins.
3. b. arterioles.
p. 701
Chapter 30: The Circulation of Blood
37
4. Determining the cardiac output is usually accomplished by:
a. using Fick’s formula.
b. using Starling’s law.
c. calculating: SV × CR = CO.
d. using Poiseuille’s law.
4. a. using Fick’s formula.
p. 702
Chapter 30: The Circulation of Blood
38
5. Which of the following has the ability to alter heart rate?
a. chronotropic factors
b. baroreceptors
c. carotid sinus reflex
d. all of the above
5. d. all of the above
p. 703
Chapter 30: The Circulation of Blood
39
29. The diastolic blood pressure is:
a. the heart contracting.
b. the heart relaxing.
c. the pressure in the atria.
d. the pressure in the ventricles.
29. b. the heart relaxing.
p. 715
Chapter 30: The Circulation of Blood
40
30. With a blood pressure of 120/80, the number 80 indicates:
a. the diastolic reading.
b. the systolic reading.
c. the Korotkoff sounds.
d. the ejection phase.
30. a. the diastolic reading.
p. 716
Chapter 30: The Circulation of Blood
41
31. The mean arterial pressure (MAP)* for a BP of 130/90 is:
a. 90.
b. 93.
c. 100.
d. 103.
31. d. 103.
p. 716
Chapter 30: The Circulation of Blood
42
43. Starling’s law of the heart states that:
a. blood flows from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure.
b. the volume of blood ejected from the ventricle is constant.
c. the more stretched the heart fibers are at the beginning of a contraction, the stronger is their contraction.
d. average heart rate is 72 beats per minute.
43. c. the more stretched the heart fibers are at the beginning of a contraction, the stronger is their contraction.
p. 703
Chapter 30: The Circulation of Blood
43
44. The vagus nerve is said to act as a(n) ____________ on the heart.
a. temperature monitor
b. positive feedback loop
c. ejection mechanism
d. brake
44. d. brake
p. 703
Chapter 30: The Circulation of Blood
44
45. Under normal conditions, blood viscosity changes:
a. frequently.
b. during hemorrhage only.
c. under stress.
d. very little.
45. d. very little.
p. 706
Chapter 30: The Circulation of Blood
45
46. The popliteal pulse point is found:
a. at the bend of the elbow.
b. on the dorsum of the foot.
c. behind the knee.
d. behind the medial malleolus.
46. c. behind the knee.
p. 720
Chapter 30: The Circulation of Blood
46
47. Peripheral resistance is primarily affected by:
a. the length of myocardial fibers.
b. blood viscosity and the diameter of arterioles.
c. the capacity of the blood reservoirs.
d. the elasticity of the heart.
47. b. blood viscosity and the diameter of arterioles.
p. 706
Chapter 30: The Circulation of Blood
47
48. Septic shock is caused by:
a. complications of toxins in the blood.
b. a nerve condition.
c. a drop in blood pressure.
d. blood vessel dilation.
48. a. complications of toxins in the blood.
p. 721
Chapter 30: The Circulation of Blood
48
49. Hypovolemic shock is caused by:
a. heart failure.
b. dilated blood vessels.
c. a loss in blood volume.
d. a severe allergic reaction.
49. c. a loss in blood volume.
p. 721
Chapter 30: The Circulation of Blood
49
50. The shift of the blood reservoir to the veins in the legs when standing is called the:
a. orthostatic effect.
b. total peripheral resistance effect.
c. vasomotor mechanism.
d. medullary ischemic reflex.
50. a. orthostatic effect.
p. 711
Chapter 30: The Circulation of Blood
50
51. Fick’s formula is used for determining:
a. stroke volume.
b. cardiac output.
c. cardiac reserve.
d. ejection fraction.
51. b. cardiac output.
p. 702
Chapter 30: The Circulation of Blood
51
52. The minute volume is equal to the:
a. the pressure gradient divided by the resistance.
b. mean arterial pressure divided by the cardiac output.
c. cardiac output divided by the ejection fraction.
d. cardiac output divided by the cardiac reserve.
52. a. the pressure gradient divided by the resistance.
p. 718
Chapter 30: The Circulation of Blood
52
1. Which of the following is not an accessory organ of reproduction in women?
a. ovaries
b. uterus
c. vagina
d. vulva
1. a. ovaries
p. 105
Chapter 46: Female Reproductive System
53
2. The term that refers to the external female genitalia is:
a. vagina.
b. vulva.
c. perineum.
d. urogenital triangle.
2. b. vulva.
p. 1059
Chapter 46: Female Reproductive System
54
5. The ovaries are homologous to the male:
a. prostate.
b. testes.
c. vas deferens.
d. seminal vesicle.
5. b. testes.
p. 1060
Chapter 46: Female Reproductive System
55
6. Cells of ovarian tissue secrete:
a. estradiol.
b. estrone.
c. progesterone.
d. all of the above.
6. d. all of the above.
p. 1062
Chapter 46: Female Reproductive System
56
7. The bulging upper component of the uterus is the:
a. cervix.
b. fundus.
c. body.
d. fornix.
7. b. fundus.
p. 1062
Chapter 46: Female Reproductive System
57
8. The innermost lining of the uterus is the:
a. endometrium.
b. myometrium.
c. perimetrium.
d. parietal peritoneum.
8. a. endometrium.
p. 1063
Chapter 46: Female Reproductive System
58
9. The portion of the uterus that opens into the vagina is the:
a. internal os.
b. external os.
c. fornix.
d. cervix.
9. b. external os.
p. 1064
Chapter 46: Female Reproductive System
59
10. The fringelike projections of the uterine tubes are called the:
a. isthmus.
b. ampulla.
c. infundibulum.
d. fimbriae.
10. d. fimbriae.
p. 1065
Chapter 46: Female Reproductive System
60
24. The female organ that is homologous to the penile structure in the male is the:
a. labia minora.
b. labia majora.
c. clitoris.
d. vulva.
24. c. clitoris.
pp. 1067-1068
Chapter 46: Female Reproductive System
61
25. The area between the labia minora is the:
a. vulva.
b. vestibule.
c. mons pubis.
d. “G spot.”
25. b. vestibule.
p. 1067
Chapter 46: Female Reproductive System
62
26. Which of the following is not a structure of the vulva?
a. vagina
b. labia majora
c. urinary meatus
d. clitoris
26. a. vagina
p. 1066
Chapter 46: Female Reproductive System
63
27. The Bartholin’s glands are homologous to the male:
a. epididymis.
b. bulbourethral glands.
c. seminal vesicles.
d. prostate gland.
27. b. bulbourethral glands.
p. 1068
Chapter 46: Female Reproductive System
64
28. The external genitals of the female may be referred to collectively as the:
a. mons pubis.
b. labia majora.
c. greater vestibule.
d. pudendum.
28. d. pudendum.
p. 1066
Chapter 46: Female Reproductive System
65
29. Menses occurs on days _______ of a new cycle.
a. 1 to 5
b. 1 to 14
c. 6 to 14
d. none of the above
29. a. 1 to 5
p. 1069
Chapter 46: Female Reproductive System
66
30. Ovulation usually occurs on cycle day ______ of a 28-day cycle.
a. 1
b. 7
c. 14
d. 28
30. c. 14
p. 1069
Chapter 46: Female Reproductive System
67
31. Menstrual discharge generally does not clot and is approximately:
a. 30 to 100 mL.
b. 100 to 350 mL.
c. 300 to 550 mL.
d. 500 to 600 mL.
31. a. 30 to 100 mL.
p. 1069
Chapter 46: Female Reproductive System
68
32. Which of the following hormones triggers ovulation?
a. estrogen
b. progesterone
c. luteinizing hormone (LH)
d. follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
32. c. luteinizing hormone (LH)
p. 1071
Chapter 46: Female Reproductive System
69
33. The average age at which menopause occurs is:
a. 40 years.
b. 45 to 50 years.
c. 55 to 60 years.
d. 60 to 65 years.
33. b. 45 to 50 years.
p. 1075
Chapter 46: Female Reproductive System
