Zona
glomerulosa
Secretes hormones called mineralglucocorticoids
Used to regulate mineral homeostasis. Increase blood levels of Na and water, decreases blood level of k+
Zona fasciculata
Secretes glucocorticoids that affect glucose homeostasis
Zona reticularis
Secretes weak androgenic (hormones with masculinizing effects)
Aldosterone
-major mineral corticosteroids secreted by adrenal glands
-helps regulate sodium and potassium homeostasis
Renin-angiotesin- aldosterone (RAA) pathway
Controls secretion of aldosterone
Secretion of glucocorticoids are regulated by negative feedback. The help control
- protein breakdown
- glucose formation
- lipolysis
- resistance to stress
-inflammation
-immune response
Protein breakdown example
Cortisone
Glucose formation ex.
Prednisone
Lipolysis ex
Triamcinolone (skin conditions)
DHEA
In males-has no effect because testosterone is stronger
Females- promotes libido and are converted to estrogens
Adrenal medulla
Stimulated by pregangangolic neurons of ANS
Chromafin cells- secrete epinephrine and norepinephrine involved in fight or flight
Pancreas is located
In the curve of duodenum
- both an endocrine and exorcrine gland
Acini
Excited cells arranged in clusters
Pancreatic islets(islets of langerhans)
Clusters of endocrine tissue among the acini
- contain secreting cells
Alpha(A) cells
Glucagon
Beta (B) cells
Insulin
Delta(D) cells
Somatostatin
F cells
Pancreatic polypeptide
